Sovereignty refers to the absolute power and authority of a state to govern itself without outside interference. An example is the self-governance of the United States. A non-example is the German occupation of Poland during World War 2 where Poland lost its ability to self-govern.
Sovereignty refers to the absolute power and autonomy of a national government to govern its territory and people, irrespective of outside intervention. It is a key principle in international law and politics. Sovereignty can be exercised in several ways, including making laws, enforcing laws, and interpreting laws.
For instance, the United States exhibits sovereignty by self-governance, including creating its laws, determining foreign policy, and issuing currency without external interference. Contrastingly, an example of a situation that does not represent sovereignty is when a country is invaded by another nation and comes under foreign control, such as the German occupation of Poland during World War II. In this case, Poland lost its sovereignty when their ability to self-govern was overtaken by German forces.
Sovereignty can also be partially relinquished through international agreements. For example, members of the European Union have agreed to follow certain economic and political guidelines despite their national sovereignty. Nevertheless, they maintain their inherent sovereignty as it can be exerted should they decide to leave the EU and regain full control over their national affairs.
#SPJ2
Social contract theory, nearly as old as philosophy itself, is the view that persons' moral and/or political obligations are dependent upon a contract or agreement among them to form the society in which they live. Socrates uses something quite like a social contract argument to explain to Crito why he must remain in prison and accept the death penalty. However, social contract theory is rightly associated with modern moral and political theory and is given its first full exposition and defense by Thomas Hobbes. After Hobbes, John Locke and Jean-Jacques Rousseau are the best known proponents of this enormously influential theory, which has been one of the most dominant theories within moral and political theory throughout the history of the modern West. In the twentieth century, moral and political theory regained philosophical momentum as a result of John Rawls’ Kantian version of social contract theory, and was followed by new analyses of the subject by David Gauthier and others. More recently, philosophers from different perspectives have offered new criticisms of social contract theory. In particular, feminists and race-conscious philosophers have argued that social contract theory is at least an incomplete picture of our moral and political lives, and may in fact camouflage some of the ways in which the contract is itself parasitical upon the subjugations of classes of persons.
hope that helps
Social Darwinism is the belief that some people or groups are superior and others are inferior. It is believed to be part of the natural order and therefore those being more advanced are superior and that leads to racism.
Believing that some peoples are inferior and others superior creating racist thinking makes it easier to take them over and justify the imperialism. More technologically advanced countries took over less modern countries or regions believing they were bettering the civilization by bringing western thinking and technology. They outlawed native religious practices and social norms while supporting western culture. This thinking also convinced the conquering power that they were more suited to be in control of natural resources and economic trade again justifying their behavior in taking over the economic controls in a country or region. This gave the imperial power more control and power while decreasing the power of the conquered land.
Answer:
Hazrat Sawdah (RA) was known for her piety, generosity, and devotion to Islam. While there might not be specific historical accounts explaining her actions regarding the bag of Dirhams sent by Hazrat Umar bin Khattab (RA), we can speculate on some possible reasons based on her character and the principles of early Islamic community life:
1. **Generosity:** Hazrat Sawdah (RA) and many of the early Muslims were known for their generosity and willingness to support others, especially those in need. Distributing the Dirhams to those less fortunate could have been a reflection of her commitment to helping fellow Muslims.
2. **Community Welfare:** The early Islamic community emphasized the welfare and support of its members. Hazrat Sawdah (RA) may have believed that distributing the funds among the community members would contribute to their well-being and strengthen the bonds of brotherhood and sisterhood among the believers.
3. **Trust in Leadership:** Hazrat Umar bin Khattab (RA) was a prominent companion of the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) and the second Caliph of Islam. His leadership was highly respected, and his actions were often guided by principles of justice and fairness. Hazrat Sawdah (RA) might have trusted his judgment and intended to carry out his wishes faithfully.
4. **Islamic Ethics:** Early Muslims were taught to follow Islamic ethics, including concepts of charity and helping those in need. Distributing the Dirhams aligns with these ethical principles and the teachings of Islam.
5. **Example for Others:** Hazrat Sawdah (RA) may have wanted to set an example for other members of the community, demonstrating the importance of sharing wealth and helping those in need.
It's important to note that actions of individuals in early Islamic history were often influenced by their strong faith, adherence to Islamic values, and commitment to the well-being of the community. While we may not have specific details about Hazrat Sawdah's decision, her actions likely reflected her deep religious conviction and desire to fulfill her role as a compassionate and caring member of the Muslim community.
Hazrat Sawdah (RA), due to her exceptional generosity and belief in the Islamic principle of Zakat, immediately distributed the bag of Dirhams gifted by Hazrat Umar bin Khattab (RA) to those in need. This act exemplifies the Islamic commitment to philanthropy.
The incident involving Hazrat Sawdah (RA) and the bag of Dirhams sent by Hazrat Umar bin Khattab (RA) is often attributed to Hazrat Sawdah's tremendous generosity and selflessness. Hazrat Sawdah immediately distributed the Dirhams not due to necessity, but because she believed in assisting those in need. The act could be viewed as an early example of Islamic philanthropy, a vital part of their faith and culture.
Historically, it's noteworthy that Hazrat Sawdah was known as being incredibly generous. This act of distributing the wealth she received demonstrated her belief in the Islamic principle of Zakat, or charity. Zakat is one of the Five Pillars of Islam and it is a religious obligation for all Muslims to donate a specific proportion of their disposable income for those who are less fortunate.
#SPJ11
The principle of American democracy that is best demonstrated by that congressional action is the principle of Check and Balance. This is because this principle ensures that one branch of government makes sure that another branch does not abuse of its power or make mistakes with it and balances the power that each branch has. When the government abused its power by sending Japanese Americans to relocation camps during World War II, there was no balancing, so there had to be a compensation further in time. Congress then checked the situation, acknowledged the mistake and balanced the stakes by compensation of $20,000.
The offer of reparations to Japanese Americans interned during World War II demonstrates the principle of constitutional government. The government recognized and made amends for its violation of constitutional rights, showing its commitment to uphold the constitution and rectify past injustices.
The principle of American democracy that was best demonstrated by the congressional action to offer reparations to Japanese Americans who had been sent to relocation camps during World War II is constitutional government. Constitutional government is the principle that government power is derived from the constitution and that government actions are restricted by this foundational document, which is designed to protect the rights and liberties of its citizens.
In this case, the internment of Japanese Americans during World War II was a significant breach of constitutional rights, notably the Fifth Amendment which guarantees that 'no person shall be... deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law.' Decades later, the reparations and formal apology issued by the U.S government acknowledged this wrongdoing and aimed to compensate for those rights that had been violated, upholding the spirit of a constitutional government.
The reparations symbolize much broader principles: the government's obligation to adhere to the constitution, and the potential for redress when it fails to do so. In the long term, this event also demonstrates the capacity for deliberative democracy, self-improvement and the rectification of past injustices in the American democratic system.
#SPJ3