A beam of light, which is traveling in air, is reflected by a glass surface. Does the reflected beam experience a phase change, and if so, by how much is the phase of the beam changed?

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

The reflected beam experienced a phase change of about 180°.

What is reflection in the glass surface?

According to Snell's law, the light that incident on the glass surface will be reflected and transmitted at an angle equals to the angle of incidence.

By the observation of refractive index of the glass for the normal incidence only 4% of the light is transmitted or reflected.

The light passing through glass is not only reflected on the front surface, but also on the back. For several times the light will gets reflected back and forth. So, the total reflectance through a glass window can be calculated as

2·R / (1+R).

Thus, A light wave travelling in air is reflected by a glass barrier will undergo a phase change of 180°, while light travelling in glass will not undergo a phase change if it is reflected by a boundary with air.

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Answer 2

Answer:

Answer:

180 degree phase change

Explanation:

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Consider a vertical elevator whose cabin has a total mass of 800 kg when fully loaded and 150 kg when empty. The weight of the elevator cabin is partially balanced by a 400-kg counterweight that is connected to the top of the cabin by cables that pass through a pulley located on top of the elevator well. Neglecting the weight of the cables and assuming the guide rails and the pulleys to be frictionless, determine (a) the power required while the fully loaded cabin is rising at a constant speed of 1.2 m/s and (b) the power required while the empty cabin is descending at a constant speed of 1.2 m/s. What would your answer be to (a) if no counterweight were used? What would your answer be to (b) if a friction force of 800 N has developed between the cabin and the guide rails?

Answers

Answer:

Part a)

$P = 4.71 * 10^3 Watt$

Part b)

$P = 2.94 * 10^3 W$

Part c)

$P = 9.4 * 10^3 W$

Part d)

$P = 3.9 * 10^3 W$

Explanation:

Part a)

When cabin is fully loaded and it is carried upwards at constant speed

then we will have

net tension force in the rope = mg

$T = (800)(9.81)$

$T = 7848 N$

now it is partially counterbalanced by 400 kg weight

so net extra force required

$F = 7848 - (400 * 9.81)$

$F = 3924 N$

now power required is given as

$P = Fv$

$P = 3924 (1.2)$

$P = 4.71 * 10^3 Watt$

Part b)

When empty cabin is descending down with constant speed

so in that case the force balance is given as

$F + (150 * 9.8) = (400 * 9.8)$

$F = 2450 N$

now power required is

$P = F.v$

$P = (2450)(1.2)$

$P = 2.94 * 10^3 W$

Part c)

If no counter weight is used here then for part a)

$F = 7848 N$

now power required is

$P = F.v$

$P = 7848 (1.2)$

$P = 9.4 * 10^3 W$

Part d)

Now in part b) if friction force of 800 N act in opposite direction

then we have

$F + (150 * 9.8) = 800 +(400 * 9.8)$

$F = 3250 N$

now power is

$P = (3250)(1.2)$

$P = 3.9 * 10^3 W$

In straight line motion, if the velocity of an object is changing at a constant rate, then its position is _________ and its acceleration is___________: O changing: zero O changing; changing O constant and non-zero; constant and non-zero O None of the above

Answers

Answer:

None of the above

It should be position is changing and acceleration is constant.

Explanation:

Since the velocity is changing, this means the object is moving, so the position must also be changing.

Acceleration is the change in velocity in time, if this change of velocity happens at a constant rate, the acceleration must be constant too.

So, for example, if the velocity were to stay the same (not changing), acceleration would be zero, because there wouldn't be a change in time on the velocity.

So in this case the answer sould be position is changing and acceleration is constant. But this isn't in the options so the correct answer is "None of the above"

Final answer:

In straight line motion, if velocity changes at a constant rate, then the position is changing and the acceleration is constant and non-zero. This is defined under the principles of kinematics and implies that as the velocity alters constantly, the object is in motion, hence its position is changing.

Explanation:

In straight line motion, if the velocity of an object is changing at a constant rate, then its position is changing and its acceleration is constant and non-zero. This condition is defined under the laws of physics, more specifically, under the study of kinematics.

The acceleration is constant because you're considering a situation where velocity is changing at a constant rate. In this case, the change in velocity is the acceleration, which is a constant and not zero. This situation is described by the kinematic equations for constant acceleration.

The position is changing because the object is moving. A change in position over time constitutes motion, and in this case, because the velocity (the rate of change of position) is changing, the object's position cannot be constant.

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Imagine that you drop an object of 10 kg, how much will be the acceleration andhow much force causes the acceleration?

Answers

If you do this on Earth, then the acceleration of the falling object is 9.8 m/s^2 ... NO MATTER what it's mass is.

If its mass is 10 kg, then the force pulling it down is 98.1 Newtons. Most people call that the object's "weight".

Occasionally, people can survive falling large distances if the surface they land on is soft enough. During a traverse of Eiger's infamous Nordvand, mountaineer Carlos Ragone's rock anchor gave way and he plummeted 516 feet to land in snow. Amazingly, he suffered only a few bruises and a wrenched shoulder. Assuming that his impact left a hole in the snow 3.6 ft deep, estimate the magnitude of his average acceleration as he slowed to a stop (that is while he was impacting the snow).

Answers

Answer:

4611.58 ft/s²

Explanation:

t = Time taken

u = Initial velocity

v = Final velocity

s = Displacement

a = Acceleration due to gravity = 32.174 ft/s²

Equation of motion

$v^2-u^2=2as\n\Rightarrow v=√(2as+u^2)\n\Rightarrow v=√(2* 32.174* 516+0^2)\n\Rightarrow v=182.218\ ft/s$

$v^2-u^2=2as\n\Rightarrow a=(v^2-u^2)/(2s)\n\Rightarrow a=(0^2-182.218^2)/(2* 3.6)\n\Rightarrow a=-4611.58\ ft/s^2$

Magnitude of acceleration while stopping is 4611.58 ft/s²

Two ice skaters, Lilly and John, face each other while at rest, and then push against each other's hands. The mass of John is twice that of Lilly. How do their speeds compare after they push off? Lilly's speed is one-fourth of John's speed. Lilly's speed is the same as John's speed. Lilly's speed is two times John's speed. Lilly's speed is four times John's speed. Lilly's speed is one-half of John's speed.

Answers

Answer:

Lilly's speed is two times John's speed.

Explanation:

m = Mass

a = Acceleration

t = Time taken

u = Initial velocity

v = Final velocity

The force they apply on each other will be equal

$F=ma\n\Rightarrow a_l=(F)/(m_l)$

$F=ma\n\Rightarrow a_j=(F)/(2m_l)\n\Rightarrow a_j=(1)/(2)a_l$

$v=u+at\n\Rightarrow v_l=0+(F)/(m_l)* t\n\Rightarrow v_l=a_lt$

$v=u+at\n\Rightarrow v_l=0+(F)/(2m_l)* t\n\Rightarrow v_j=(1)/(2)a_lt\n\Rightarrow v_j=(1)/(2)v_l\n\Rightarrow v_l=2v_j$

Hence, Lilly's speed is two times John's speed.

Answer:

Lilly's speed is 2 times Johns speed

Explanation:

1. Towards the end of a 400m race, Faisal and Edward are leading and are both running at 6m/s. While Faisal is 72m from the finish line Edward is 100m from the finish line. Realising this and to beat Faisal, Edward decides to accelerate uniformly at 0.2 m/s2 until the end of the race while Faisal keeps on the same constant speed. Does Edward succeed in beating Faisal?