b. employ artists during economic hard times.
c. replace ancient culture with a socialist culture.
d. rid China of Western influence.
B.Ivan IV
C.the Mongols
D.the Vikings
The correct answer is option B - Ivan IV.
Ivan IV or Ivan The Terrible was the first tsar of Russia. He was born on August 25, 1530, and died on March 18, 1584.
He created a centrally controlled Russian state, which main characteristic was the military dominance.
He took control of Russia by forming the Oprichnina, that is an added territory that would be administrated separately from the rest of the state. It was also during this time too that he created the Oprichniki, which was the first official secret Russian police force.
Answer:
state courts
Explanation:
lower courts are courts that are mainly used to entertain smaller charges examples of such courts are Magistrate courts. the smaller courts take up cases which are comprised mainly of civil charges other than criminal charges. capital offense charges are entertained at higher courts which are Federal courts like the Federal high court, Appeal court of justice and the supreme court of justice.
The lower courts as seen in Magistrate court is been presided over by a Magistrate and its Jurisdiction is usually restricted within the state, cases that are Federal cases are not judged in lower courts because they are mainly state courts and lack Jurisdiction to pass a Judgement on such cases.