Answer:
Explanation:
Ionization energy:
It is the minimum amount of energy required to remove the electron from isolated gaseous atom to make the ion.
As we move from left to right across the periodic table the number of valance electrons in an atom increase. The atomic size tend to decrease in same period of periodic table because the electrons are added with in the same shell.
When the electron are added, at the same time protons are also added in the nucleus. The positive charge is going to increase and this charge is greater in effect than the charge of electrons. This effect lead to the greater nuclear attraction. The electrons are pull towards the nucleus and valance shell get closer to the nucleus. As a result of this greater nuclear attraction atomic radius decreases and ionization energy increases because it is very difficult to remove the electron from atom and more energy is required. Where as,
When we move down the group atomic radii increased with increase of atomic number. The addition of electron in next level cause the atomic radii to increased. The hold of nucleus on valance shell become weaker because of shielding of electrons thus size of atom increased.
As the size of atom increases the ionization energy from top to bottom also decreases because it becomes easier to remove the electron because of less nuclear attraction and as more electrons are added the outer electrons becomes more shielded and away from nucleus.
In a period (across a row), ionization energy generally increases due to an increased atomic charge pulling electrons inward. In a group (down a column), despite more protons and electrons being added, the ionization energy decreases due to the electrons occupying larger and higher-energy orbitals, making them easier to be removed.
As we traverse a row (period) in the periodic table from left to right, the count of protons as well as electrons increases with every subsequent element. This increase makes the nucleus more positively charged, which in turn pulls the additional electrons inward, reducing atomic size and increasing ionization energy. Ionization energy refers to the energy required to remove an electron from an atom. An increase in ionization energy in a period is because it's difficult to remove an electron from a smaller, low-energy orbital.
However, when we move down a column (group) in the periodic table, despite the fact that protons and electrons are being added, ionization energy decreases. This decrease is primarily because the electrons being added are going into larger and higher energy orbitals farther from the nucleus, making them easier to remove. Hence, the ease of electron removal explains the decrease in ionization energy as we move down a group in the periodic table.
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To calculate the number of moles in an experiment, you need to know the mass of the substance and its molecular weight. The number of moles is then found by dividing the mass by the molecular weight. This applies to any substance, including bromobenzene, magnesium, and benzophenone.
To calculate the number of moles of bromobenzene, magnesium, and benzophenone you will use in the experiment, we first need the molecular weights of each substance. The molecular weights determined from experimental data are crucial to this calculation. The number of moles of a compound is equal to the mass of the compound divided by its molecular mass. For example, if we consider a substance like benzene, the molecular formula is C6H6 which is derived from its empirical formula CH, and the ratio of the elements within it. Let's say you have 'm' grams of bromobenzene, 'n' grams of magnesium, and 'p' grams of benzophenone. Also, let the molecular weights of bromobenzene, magnesium, and benzophenone be 'M', 'N', and 'P' respectively. Then the number of moles of bromobenzene would be m/M, of magnesium would be n/N, and of benzophenone would be p/P. To get the exact values, you would need the specific weights of these substances in your experiment. Remember to ensure that the weights are in grams (for mass) and g/mol (for molecular weight) since the number of moles is a dimensionless quantity.
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b. are one of the major symptoms of depression
c. usually also lead to panic attacks
d. should be ignored even when they last a long period of time
The location of earth in the solar system is found between Venus and Mars.
A solar system is the gravitational bound system comprising the sun and the objects aligned in the orbit revolving around the sun. The foundation of the solar system is mediated billions of years ago with the huge interstellar cloud collapse.
The planets are present in the orbit bounded by the gravitational force of the sun and revolve around it. Earth is the planet that is said to have only one having the five elements that support life namely. fire, air, water, soil, and space.
The solar system is comprised of 9 planets with the nearest to the sun being mercury, and the farthest being Pluto. Earth is arranged as the third planet from the distance from the sun and is located between Venus and Mars.
Learn more about solar system, here:
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