Answer:
Transport materials such as fluid and propagation
Explanation:
Planta with vascular systems are called tracheophytes, this plant dominate the ecosystem in terrestrial habitat and were successful because of their tube like vascular tissues.
The vascular tissues are used in transporting of fluids such as minerals, photosynthate and are usually made up of cells that are long and narrow end that forms tubes. There are two different types of vascular tissues, called xylem and phloem.
This systems help transport nutrient required for plants growth and development to avoid plant loss and redundant growth.
Seed plants allows them for propagation and ensures continuity
Answer:
colonize land ecosystems.
Explanation:
penn
II. A well-hydrated person is likely to have higher blood levels of angiotensin II than a dehydrated person.
III. Angiotensin II helps to slow the rate at which urine is produced.
IV. A class of drugs known as ACE inhibitors promote (enhance) the formation of angiotensin II.
Answer:
I. Angiotensin II is a hormone that is secreted by the kidneys.
Explanation:
The angiotensin II is a vasoconstrictor molecule secreted by the kidney. This hormone is known to be involved in the regulation of blood pressure and has effects on water and sodium intake.
Angiotensin II plays roles in the immune response and in the regulation of inflammatory response pathways
b. the lynx reproduce at a higher rate.
c. the lynx population crashes.
d. the food source for the hares increases.
e. the lynx begin preying upon birds.
The immediate next step in the cycle is the lynx population crashes. Hence option c is correct.
Population is defined as the entire group of people, regardless of whether they are part of a country or share a certain trait. It comprises of a related collection of species that live in a specific area and have the ability to interbreed. It is calculated by dividing the sum of all population variables by the total population of variables.
Following a delay of one to two years, the lynx population drop occurs after the snowshoe hare population crash. Lynx continue to eat well even as the quantity of hares begins to drop because they can easily catch the starving hares. Lynx populations decrease as hares become harder to find.
Thus, the immediate next step in the cycle is the lynx population crashes. Hence option c is correct.
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C. The lynx population crashes due to their food source being gone.
b. 41-101
c. 51-59
d. 71-77
region of the mrna contains the open reading frame that will be translated into protein that is 51-59 shown in picture.
What are the different classes of protein ?
Protein is complex biomolecule made up of a multiple chain of amino acid formed by peptide bond which is a linear chain structure and it can be classified into two types such as complete and incomplete proteins.
Complete proteins contain all of the essential amino acids required for the body which include meat, fish, poultry, dairy, and soy products.
incomplete Foods where one or more essential amino acids are absent are called as incomplete proteins which include beans, grains, nuts, and vegetables.
it can be classified into five major Classes such as Enzymes, Structural Proteins, Transport Proteins, Regulatory Proteins and Hormones. where Enzyme catalyse the biochemical reactions in the body and Structural proteins provide support for cells and tissues.
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Answer:
Simplified diagram of pyruvate oxidation. Pyruvate—three carbons—is converted to acetyl CoA, a two-carbon molecule attached to coenzyme A. A molecule of coenzyme A is a necessary reactant for this reaction, which releases a molecule of carbon dioxide and reduces a NAD+ to NADH.
Simplified diagram of pyruvate oxidation. Pyruvate—three carbons—is converted to acetyl CoA, a two-carbon molecule attached to coenzyme A. A molecule of coenzyme A is a necessary reactant for this reaction, which releases a molecule of carbon dioxide and reduces a NAD+ to NADH.
In eukaryotes, this step takes place in the matrix, the innermost compartment of mitochondria. In prokaryotes, it happens in the cytoplasm. Overall, pyruvate oxidation converts pyruvate—a three-carbon molecule—into acetyl two-carbon molecule attached to Coenzyme A—producing an t, N, A, D, H, end text and releasing one carbon dioxide molecule in the process. Acetyl C, o, A, end text acts as fuel for the citric acid cycle in the next stage of cellular respiration.
Pyruvate oxidation steps
Pyruvate is produced by glycolysis in the cytoplasm, but pyruvate oxidation takes place in the mitochondrial matrix (in eukaryotes). So, before the chemical reactions can begin, pyruvate must enter the mitochondrion, crossing its inner membrane and arriving at the matrix.
In the matrix, pyruvate is modified in a series of steps:
More detailed diagram of the mechanism of pyruvate oxidation.
1. A carboxyl group is removed from pyruvate and released as carbon dioxide.
2. The two-carbon molecule from the first step is oxidized, and NAD+ accepts the electrons to form NADH.
3. The oxidized two-carbon molecule, an acetyl group, is attached to Coenzyme A to form acetyl CoA.
More detailed diagram of the mechanism of pyruvate oxidation.
A carboxyl group is removed from pyruvate and released as carbon dioxide.
The two-carbon molecule from the first step is oxidized, and NAD+ accepts the electrons to form NADH.
The oxidized two-carbon molecule, an acetyl group, is attached to Coenzyme A to form acetyl CoA.
Image credit: "Oxidation of pyruvate and the citric acid cycle: Figure 1" by OpenStax College, Biology, CC BY 3.0
Step 1. A carboxyl group is snipped off of pyruvate and released as a molecule of carbon dioxide, leaving behind a two-carbon molecule.
Step 2. The two-carbon molecule from step 1 is oxidized, and the electrons lost in the oxidation are picked up 2 \text{NADH}NADHstart text, N, A, D, H, end text are generated from \text{NAD}^+NAD
Step 3. The oxidized two-carbon molecule—an acetyl group, highlighted in green—is attached to Coenzyme A (\text{CoA}CoAstart text, C, o, A, end text), an organic molecule derived from vitamin B5, to form acetyl \text{CoA}CoAstart text, C, o, A, end text. Acetyl \text{CoA}CoAstart text, C, o, A, end text is sometimes called a carrier molecule, and its job here is to carry the acetyl group to the citric acid cycle.
The steps above are carried out by a large enzyme complex called the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex, which consists of three interconnected enzymes and includes over 60 subunits. At a couple of stages, the reaction intermediates actually form covalent bonds to the enzyme complex—or, more specifically, to its cofactors. The pyruvate dehydrogenase complex is an important target for regulation, as it controls the amount of acetyl \text{CoA}CoAstart text, C, o, A, end text fed into the citric acid cycle^{1,2,3}
1,2,3
start superscript, 1, comma, 2, comma, 3, end superscript.
If we consider the two pyruvates that enter from glycolysis (for each glucose molecule), we can summarize pyruvate oxidation as follows:
Two molecules of pyruvate are converted into two molecules of acetyl \text{CoA}CoAstart text, C, o, A, end text.
Two carbons are released as carbon dioxide—out of the six originally present in glucose.
2 \text{NADH}NADHstart text, N, A, D, H, end text are generated from \text{NAD}^+NAD
+
start text, N, A, D, end text, start superscript, plus, end superscript.
Why make acetyl \text{CoA}CoAstart text, C, o, A, end text? Acetyl \text{CoA}CoAstart text, C, o, A, end text serves as fuel for the citric acid cycle in the next stage of cellular respiration. The addition of \text{CoA}CoAstart text, C, o, A, end text helps activate the acetyl group, preparing it to undergo the necessary reactions to enter the citric acid cycle.
Explanation:
Answer:
D, All of the above
Explanation:
Answer:
i think its B.
B.B.B..B.B.B.B.B.B.B.B.