BIOLOGY COLLEGE

Transcription and Translation Practice Worksheet
Example:
DNA : G T A C G C G T A T A C C G A C A T T C
mRNA: C A U G C G C A U A U G G C U G U A A G
Codons: AUG-CGC-AUA-UGG-CUG-UAA
Anticodons: UAC-GCG-UAU-ACC-GAC-AUU
Amino Acids: Methionone-Arginine-Isoleucine-Tryphtophan-Leucine
Using the example above, transcribe the following DNA strand into mRNA and translate that strand into a polypeptide chain, identifying the codons, anticodons, and amino acid sequence.
1. DNA: A T A C G A A A T C G C G A T C G C G G C G A T T C G G
mRNA:
Codon:
Anticodon:
Amino Acids:
2. DNA: T T T A C G G C C A T C A G G C A A T A C T G G
mRNA:
Codon:
Anitcodon:
Amino Acids:
3. DNA: T A C G G G C C T A T A C G C T A C T A C T CA T G G A T C G G
mRNA:
Codon:
Anitcodon:
Amino Acids:
4. DNA: G T A C G C G T A T A C C G A C A T T C
mRNA:
Codon:
Anitcodon:
Amino Acids:
Transcribe the following DNA strand into mRNA and translate that strand into a polypeptide chain, identifying the codons, anticodons, and amino acid sequence.
DNA: C G A T A C A A T G G A C C C G G T A T G C G A T A T C C

Answers

Answer 1
Answer:

Transcription occurs in the nucleus and translation occurs in the cytosol. Proteins are AUG-CUU-UAG / MET-PRO-VAL-VAL-ARG-ILE-LEU / MET-PRO GLY-TYR-ALA-MET-MET-SER-THR /  MET-ALA-TYR-THR-LEU

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Transcription

  • Transcription occurs in the nucleus. In RNA uracil replaces thymine.

  • While growing mRNA molecule,

→  adenine pairs uracil,

→  thymine pairs adenine, and

→  guanine pairs cytosine.

Translation

  • Translation occurs in the cytosol. mRNA codons codify for amino acids.

  • There is a start Codon AUG and stop codons UAA, UAG, UGA.

1.

DNA:       A T A C G A A A T C G C G A T C G C G G C G A T T C G G

mRNA:    U A U G C U U U A G C G C U A G C G C C G C U A A G C C  

Codon:     AUG   CUU   UAG    

here we recognize the start codon and a stop codon very close.

Anticodon: UAC   GAA    AUC   GCG   AUC   GCG   GCG   AUU   CGG    

Amino Acids:  MET -  LEU  

2.

DNA:    T T T A C G G C C A T C A G G C A A T A C T G G

mRNA: A A A U G C C G G U A G U C C G U U A U G A C C  

Codon:   AUG   CCG   GUA   GUC   CGU   UAU   GAC    

here we ONLY recognize the start codon but no stop codon.

Anitcodon:  UAC   GGC   CAU   CAG   GCA   AUA   CUG    

Amino Acids: MET - PRO - VAL - VAL - ARG - ILE - LEU

3.

DNA:  T A C G G G C C T A T A C G C T A C T A C T C A T G G A T C G G

mRNA:A U G C C C G G A U A U G C G A U G A U G A G U A C C U A G C C

Codon:   AUG  CCC   GGA   UAU   GCG   AUG   AUG   AGU   ACC   UAG    

here we recognize the start codon and one stop codon.

Anticodon:  UAC  GGG  CCU  AUA  CGC  UAC  UAC  UCA  UGG  AUC

Amino Acids: MET - PRO - GLY - TYR - ALA - MET - MET - SER - THR  

4.

DNA:    G T A C G C G T A T A C C G A C A T T C

mRNA: C A U G C G C A U A U G G C U G U A A G

Codon: AUG   CGC   AUA   UGG   CUG   UAA

here we recognize the start codon and one stop codon.

Anticodon: UAC  GCG  UAU  ACC  GAC  AUU

Amino Acids: MET - ALA - TYR - THR - LEU

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Related link: brainly.com/question/9598940?referrer=searchResults  

                    brainly.com/question/13923224?referrer=searchResults
Answer 2
Answer:

Answer:

Explanation:

1. DNA: A T A C G A A A T C G C G A T C G C G G C G A T T C G G

mRNA:  U A U G C U U U A G C G C U A G C G C C G C U A A G C C

Codon:  AUG-CUU-UAG-CGC-UAG-CGC-CGC-CGC-UAA- GCC

Anticodon:  UAC-GAA-AUC-GCG-UAC-GCG-GCG-GCG-AUU-CGG

Amino Acids: Methionine-Leucine-Stop.

2. DNA: T T T A C G G C C A T C A G G C A A T A C T G G

mRNA:   A A A U G C C G G U A G U C C G U U A U G A C C

Codon:  AUG-CCG-GUA-GUC-CGU-UAU-GAC

Anitcodon:  UAC-GGC-CAU-CAG-GCA-AUA-CUG

Amino Acids: methionine-glycine-histidine-glutamine-alanine-isleucine-leucine

3. DNA: T A C G G G C C T A T A C G C T A C T A C T CA T G G A T C G G

mRNA:  A U G C C C G G A U A U G C G A U G A U G A G U A CC U A G C C

Codon:  AUG-CCC-GGA-UAU-GCG-AUG-AUG-AGU-ACC-UAG

Anitcodon:  UAC-GGG-CCU-AUA-CGC-UAC-UAC-UCA-UGG-AUC

Amino acids: Methionine-glycine-proline-tyrosine-alanine-methionine-methionine-serine-threonine.

4. DNA: G T A C G C G T A T A C C G A C A T T C

mRNA:  C A U G C G C A U A U G G C U G U A A G

Codon:  AUG-CGC-AUA-UGG-CUG-UAA

Anitcodon:  UAC-GCG-UAU-ACC-GAC-AUU

Amino Acids: Methionine-arginine-isoleucine-tryptophan-leucine

5. DNA: C G A T A C A A T G G A C C C G G T A T G C G A T A T C C

mRNA: G C U A U G U U A C C U G G G C C A U A C G C U A U A G G

CODON: AUG-UUA-CCU-GGG-CCA-UAC-GCU-AUA

Anticodons- UAC-AAU-GGA-CCC-GGU-AUG-CGA-UAU

Amino acids: Methionine-leucine-proline-glycine-proline-tyrosine-alanine-isoleucine.

Related Questions

Biology answers many questions, but it’s main focus is
You work in a laboratory that studies the molecular biology of tribbles. [Although tribbles are an alien life form, assume here that the molecular biology of tribbles is identical to that of eukaryotes on Earth.]Your lab has a genomic library of tribble DNA, as well as a cDNA library made with mRNA extracted from whole tribbles. The lab also has a collection of live tribbles that can be used to isolate RNA or DNA, and a supply of fixed tribbles that can be stained for gene expression.Your advisor provides you with a cloned 100 bp DNA fragment that represents part of the protein-coding region of a tribble gene. Using the tools described in the previous paragraph and the molecular biology techniques we have discussed in class, how would you accomplish each of the following aims? Note: try to come up with the simplest and modest direct approach that will give you the desired information.A. Determine the amino acid sequence of the complete protein produced by that gene.B. Determine whether or not the gene contains introns.C. Determine whether the RNA produced by that gene experiences alternative splicing.D. Determine the length of the mature mRNA(s) produced by the gene. This includes the UTRs and the poly-A tail.E. Determine which cells in the tribble body do and do not express mRNA from this gene.F. You discover a blood stain in the lab, and you want to determine whether it is human blood or tribble blood. How can you do this using the molecular biology tools described above?
) You treat some cells with a proteolytic enzyme that is too large to penetrate the cell membrane (Set 1). Another group of cells is made permeable before treatment with the enzyme (Set 2). A third set of cells was not treated with the enzyme at all (controls). Proteins are then extracted from the three different sets of cells and applied to an SDS-PAGE gel. Protein W migrates to the same distance on a gel of proteins from Set 1 and Set 2; Protein W migrates a shorter distance on gels of proteins extracted from the control group than on gels of proteins extracted from Set 1 and Set 2 treated cells. Protein X migrates to the same distance on a gel of proteins from control cells and the gels of the proteins from Set 1 and Set 2. Protein Y migrates a longer distance when extracted from Set 1 cells than does protein Y in the controls; Protein Y moves an even larger distance in the gel of the extracts from Set 2. Protein Z migrates the same distance on gels of proteins from the controls and the proteins extracted from Set 1, but it migrates a longer distance in extracts from Set 2 cells. Which protein is exposed only on the exterior of the cell?
We used new tags for the population estimate a year later. If we assume the tags stay on well over the year, what changes the proportion of the old marked tags in the population and make the use of new tags more accurate? (Hint: look back at the assumptions made by the mark and recapture method).a. random loss of tags might sufficiently large to change the proportion of tagged fish.b. as tagged fish die and larvae that were not tagged reach maturity the proportion of tagged changes.c. The fish might eat the tags.d. we cannot assume tags would stay on longer than six months, so we need new tags for the fishfish.
John Needham, Louis Pasteur, and other scientists all performed experiments to disprove ______. a) spontaneous generation b) evolution c) Koch's postulates d) binomial nomenclature

What is theprocess that involves one division of the nucleus and results in two identical cells.

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

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000000000

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Plants use CO2 in the process of photosynthesis to make

Answers

Answer:

food for less than a year ago today was a good day for you drink a lot of water and summer vacation visiting with you drink a lot of water and summer vacation visiting with you and your name and address in a bit in me in me in me in
they make sugar and oxygen

In a population, there are 500 cats. What is the frequency of black cats if 300 are calico?

Answers

Answer:

2 out of every 5 or 2/5

Explanation:

there are 200 black cats because there are 300 calico there are 500 total so it would be 200/500 or 2/5

Match each cell type with its description.___natural killer cell
A. stains with basic dye methylene blue, has large amounts of histamine in granules, and facilitates allergic responses and inflammation


___basophil
B. stains with acidic dye eosin, has histamine and major basic protein in granules, and facilitates responses to protozoa and helminths


___macrophage
C. recognizes abnormal cells, binds to them, and releases perforin and granzyme molecules, which induce apoptosis


___eosinophil
D. large agranular phagocyte that resides in tissues such as the brain and lungs

Answers

Answer:

1. A natural killer cell identifies unusual cells, combines with them, and discharges perforin and molecules of granzyme that stimulates apoptosis.  

2. A basophil comprises huge concentrations of histamine in granules, gets stain with basic dye methylene blue, and helps in inflammation and allergic reactions.  

3. A macrophage refers to a huge agranular phagocyte, which is found within the tissues like lungs and brain.  

4. An eosinophil comprises histamine and major basic protein in granules gets stain with acidic dye eosin and helps in reactions against the helminths and protozoa.  

Final answer:

The natural killer cell recognizes and destroys abnormal cells, the basophil facilitates allergic responses and inflammation, the macrophage is a large cell that resides in tissues, and the eosinophil facilitates responses to certain parasites.

Explanation:

Here is the correct match for each cell type with its description:

  1. Natural killer cell: C. recognizes abnormal cells, binds to them, and releases perforin and granzyme molecules, which induce apoptosis
  2. Basophil: A. stains with basic dye methylene blue, has large amounts of histamine in granules, and facilitates allergic responses and inflammation
  3. Macrophage: D. large agranular phagocyte that resides in tissues such as the brain and lungs
  4. Eosinophil: B. stains with acidic dye eosin, has histamine and major basic protein in granules, and facilitates responses to protozoa and helminths

Learn more about Cell Types here:

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Bacteria are grown in a petri dish. One side of the dish is sprayed with an antibiotic. After a week, the number of bacteria colonies are counted on each side. What is the independent and dependent variable?

Answers

Answer:

In a research there are two variables independent and dependent variable. independent variable is defined as the variable which is controlled and changed in a scientific experiment and evaluate the effects on the dependent variable while the variable which are tested and measured in experiment are called dependent variable.

When antibiotic is sprayed at one side of the petri dish, the bacterial growth on that side will eventually decrease in comparison to other side.

So, the independent variable in this experiment will be antibiotic because it is used to understand the growth of bacteria by decreasing their numbers and the dependent variable in this experiment will be bacteria as they vary according to the change in independent variable that is antibiotic.

The bacteria is the dependent variable whose growth is dependent on the antibiotic presence or absence, while the antibiotic is the independent variable.

An Independent variable is a variable whose value is never dependent on another variable other than the researcher. A dependent variable is a variable whose value is dependent on another variable.

An independent variable is the expected cause. A dependent variable is the expected effect.

The side of the petri dish which is sprayed with an antibiotic will have a decreased bacterial growth as compared to the other side of the petri dish.

In this case, the antibiotic affects the bacterial growth and is called an independent variable which is not affected but the bacteria is a dependent variable as its growth is affected by the antibiotic.

To learn more about the antibiotic refer to the link:

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The blueprint of genetic code is known as

Answers

Answer:

messenger RNA

Explanation:

Answer:

messenger RNA (mRNA)

Explanation:

mRNA is responsible for transcribing the bases of DNA into a blueprint for making proteins
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