Answers
The rule used for the determination of the protons, electrons, and neutrons has been the equal number of protons and electrons, while the number of the neutrons has been the difference in the atomic mass and the protons.
The atom has been the smallest particle that has comprised of electrons, protons, and neutrons as the subatomic particle. The neutrons and protons in the atoms have consisted within the nucleus. The electrons in the atom are revolving around the nucleus.
The atoms have been consisted of an equal number of protons and electrons, while the number of neutrons has been the difference in the atomic mass and the protons.
The ions have been formed with the loss or gain of the electrons by the atom in the terms of valence electrons to complete its octet.
For more information about the electrons and protons, refer to the link:
Answer:
Explanation:
This question appears incomplete, however
The number of protons of an element/atom (atomic number) can be determined by checking for the position of the element on the periodic table. This is because elements are arranged according to there atomic number on the periodic table.
The number of electrons of any element (of a neutral atom) is equal to the number of protons of the same element.
The number of neutrons of an element/atom is determined by subtracting the atomic number of the element from it's mass number. Hence, mass number is the addition of the atomic number and the number of neutrons.
Ions are charged particles that have the same number of protons and neutrons as there parent atoms. Hence, they have different number of electrons when compared to there specific parent/neutral atom.
A negatively charged atom has more electrons than it's original atom. For example, fluoride ion (F⁻) has 10 electrons while fluorine atom has 9 electrons (meaning fluoride ion has one more electron than it's parent fluorine). The increase is dependent on the number "attached" to the charge. A positively charged atom has less electrons than it's original atom. For example, calcium ion (Ca²⁺) has 18 electrons while calcium atom has 20 electrons (meaning the calcium ion has 2 electrons less than it's parent calcium atom). As said earlier, the decrease here is also dependent on the number "attached" to the charge.
Related Questions
In compliance with conservation of energy, Einstein explained that in the photoelectric effect, the energy of a photon (hv) absorbed by a metal is the sum of the work function (Φ), the minimum energy needed to dislodge an electron from the metal’s surface, and the kinetic energy (Ek) of the electron: hv = Φ + Ek. When light of wavelength 358.1 nm falls on the surface of potassium metal, the speed (u) of the dislodged electron is 6.40 x 10⁵ m7s. (a) What is Ek (½mu²) of the dislodged electron? (b) What is Φ (in J) of potassium?
What is the empirical formula of a compound that is 64.3 % c, 7.2 % h, and 28.5 % o by mass?
A 6.13 g sample of an unknown salt (MM = 116.82g/mol) is dissolved in 150.00 g water in a coffee cupcalorimeter. Before placing the sample in the water, thetemperature of the salt and water is 23.72°C. After thesalt has completely dissolved, the temperature of thesolution is 28.54°C.If 3.15 x 10J of heat was gained by the solution, whatis the total heat for the dissolution reaction of the 6.13 gof salt?
Answer the following questions about the last lesson below. What did we figure out about chain reactions? What did we figure out about fission? Fission produce more energy than a typical fuel sources, chain reaction
Answers
Answer:
Change in height of the object
Explanation:
Change in height of the object
Since ,
We know potential energy can be written as mgh where
P.E. = mgh
M = mass ,
g = gravity constant
h = height
Kinetic energy can be written as 0.5 mv²
So , the Potential energy = kinetic energy
Then ,
velocity of object = √2 gh
Since g is a constant ,
Hence ,
Height of object will determine the velocity.
Answers
Answer:
The strength of a bond depends on the amount of overlap between the two orbitals of the bonding atoms
Orbitals bond in the directions in which they protrude or point to obtain maximum overlap
Explanation:
The valence bond theory was proposed by Linus Pauling. Compounds are firmed by overlap of atomic orbitals to attain a favourable overlap integral. The better the overlap integral (extent of overlap) the better or stringer the covalent bond.
Orbitals overlap in directions which ensure a maximum overlap of atomic orbitals in the covalent bond.
Answer:
THE STRENGTH OF THE BOND DEPENDS ON THE AMOUNT OF OVERLAP BETWEEN THE TWO ORBITALS OF THE BONDING ATOMS
ORBITALS BOND IN THE DIRECTION OR POINT IN WHICH THEY PROTRUDE OR POINT TO OBTAIN MAXIMUM OVERLAP.
Explanation:
Valence bond theory describes the covalent bond as the overlap of half-filled atomic orbital yields a pair of electrons shared between the two bonded atoms. Overlapping of orbitals occurs when a portion of one orbital and the other occur in the same region of space. The strength of a bond is determined by the amount of overlap between the two orbitals of the bonding atoms. In other words, orbitals that overlap more and in the right orientation of maximum overlapping form stronger bonds that those with less overlap and right orientation for maximum overlap. The bonding occurs at a varying distance in different atoms from which it obtains its stable energy caused by the increase in the attraction of nuclei for the electrons.
Orbitals also bond in the direction to obtain maximum overlap as orientation of the atoms also affect overlap. The greater overlap occurs when atoms are oriented on a direct line mostly end to end or side by side between the two nuclei depending on the type of bond formed. A sigma bond is formed when atoms overlap end to end in which a straight line exists between the two atoms that is the internuclear axis indicating the concentrated energy density in that region. Pi bond exits in when overlap occurs in the side -to -side orientation and the energy density is concentrated opposite the internuclear axis.
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When C-C is having a triple bond the hybridization is sp. But I am not sure how to relate that to the linear shape.
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Answer:
The ionic bond in NaCl are stronger than the stronger than the dispersion forces in HCl.
The hydrogen bonds in H2O are stronger than the dispersion forces in H2Se
Hydrogen bonds in NH3 are stronger than the dipole-dipole attractions in PH3.
Hydrogen bonds in HF are stronger than the dispersion forces in F2
Explanation:
Ionic bonds occur in molecules with high differences in their electronegative value where there are actual transfer of electrons. HCl has a bond which is involved in the sharing of electrons.
Hydrogen bonds are present in H2O which is stronger than the dispersion forces.
PH3 is a larger molecule with greater dispersion forces than ammonia, NH3 has very polar N-H bonds leading to strong hydrogen bonding. This dominant intermolecular force results in a greater attraction between NH3 molecules than there is between PH3 molecules.
F2 is a non-polar molecule, therefore they have London dispersion forces between molecules while HF has a hydrogen bond because F is highly electronegative.
Final answer:
Ionic bonds are stronger than dispersion forces in HCl, while hydrogen bonds are stronger than dispersion forces in H2Se, PH3, and F2.
Explanation:
In the given sentences, the blanks represent the types of intermolecular forces. The options given are ionic bonds, hydrogen bonds, dispersion forces, and dipole-dipole attractions. Ionic bonds are stronger than the dispersion forces in HCl. Hydrogen bonds are stronger than the dispersion forces in H2Se. Hydrogen bonds are stronger than the dipole-dipole attractions in PH3. Hydrogen bonds are stronger than the dispersion forces in F2.
Learn more about Intermolecular forces here:
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2H2(g) +O2(g) -> 2H2O^(g)
Given:
H-H 436
O+O 499
O-H 463
Answers
- E(Bonds broken) = 1371 kJ/mol reaction
- E(Bonds formed) = 1852 kJ/mol reaction
- ΔH = -481 kJ/mol.
- The reaction is exothermic.
Explanation
2 H-H + O=O → 2 H-O-H
There are two moles of H-H bonds and one mole of O=O bonds in one mole of reactants. All of them will break in the reaction. That will absorb
- E(Bonds broken) = 2 × 436 + 499 = 1371 kJ/mol reaction.
- ΔH(Breaking bonds) = +1371kJ/mol
Each mole of the reaction will form two moles of water molecules. Each mole of H₂O molecules have two moles O-H bonds. Two moles of the molecule will have four moles of O-H bonds. Forming all those bond will release
- E(Bonds formed) = 2 × 2 × 463 = 1852kJ/mol reaction.
- ΔH(Forming bonds) = - 1852 kJ/mol
Heat of the reaction:
is negative. As a result, the reaction is exothermic.
Answers
Answer:
12 mol CO₂
General Formulas and Concepts:
Atomic Structure
- Compounds
- Moles
- Mole Ratio
Stoichiometry
- Analyzing reactions rxn
- Using Dimensional Analysis
Explanation:
Step 1: Define
Identify
[rxn] 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
[Given] 2 mol C₆H₁₂O₆
[Solve] mol CO₂
Step 2: Identify Conversions
[rxn] 6CO₂ → C₆H₁₂O₆
Step 3: Convert
- [DA] Set up:
- [DA] Multiply [Cancel out units]: