What is the density of iron if it crystallizes in a body-centered cubic unit cell with an edge length of 287 pm

Answer:

4.93g are extracted

Explanation:

Partition coefficient (P) is defined as the ratio of solute dissolved in the organic solvent and the solute dissolved in the aqueous phase.

That is:

P = 7.5 = Concentration in dichloromethane / Concentration in water.

Knowing this, in the first extraction with 25mL of dichloromethane you will extract:

7.5 = (X/25mL) / (5g - X) / 100mL

Where X is the amount of compound A that is extracted.

7.5 = 100X / (125 - 25X)

937.5 - 187.5X = 100X

937.5 = 287.5X

3.26g of A are extracted in the first extraction.

In water will remain 5g - 3.26g = 1.74g

In the second extraction you will extract:

7.5 = (X/25mL) / (1.74g - X) / 100mL

7.5 = 100X / (43.5 - 25X)

326.25 - 187.5X = 100X

326.25 = 287.5X

1.13g are extracted in the second extraction.

And remain: 1.74g - 1.13g = 0.61g

In the third extraction you will extract:

7.5 = (X/25mL) / (0.61g - X) / 100mL

7.5 = 100X / (15.25 - 25X)

114.375 - 187.5X = 100X

114.375 = 287.5X

0.40g are extracted in the third extraction.

And remain: 0.61g - 0.40g = 0.21g

In the second extraction you will extract:

7.5 = (X/25mL) / (0.21g - X) / 100mL

7.5 = 100X / (5.25 - 25X)

39.375 - 187.5X = 100X

39.375 = 287.5X

0.14g are extracted in the fourth extraction.

Thus, after the three extractions you will extract: 0.14g + 0.40g + 1.13g + 3.26g = 4.93g are extracted

Final answer:

The process involves using the partitioncoefficient to determine how much of Compound A will prefer the dichloromethane solvent over the water. Following a calculation process through four rounds of extraction, it is concluded that approximately 4.999g of Compound A will be extracted using four 25mL portions of dichloromethane.

Explanation:

The partition coefficient of a compound is a measure of how much it prefers one solvent over another. Given that the partition coefficient of Compound A is 7.5 in dichloromethane with respect to water, we can predict how much of this compound could be extracted using four separate 25 mL portions of dichloromethane.

Here's the step-by-step calculation process:

1. We start with 5 grams of Compound A in 100 mL of water. Given the partition coefficient, in the initial phase, 5/(7.5+1)=0.625g remains in water and 7.5/8.5*5=4.375g goes into the dichloromethane.
2. After one extraction with 25ml of dichloromethane, the amount left in the water will be 0.625g*1/(7.5+1)=0.069g.
3. After the second extraction: 0.069g*1/(7.5+1) = 0.008g.
4. After the third extraction: 0.008g*1/(7.5+1) = 0.0009g.
5. After the fourth extraction: 0.0009g*1/(7.5+1) = 0.0001g.

In total, around 4.999g of compound A will be extracted using four 25mL portions of dichloromethane.

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Answer:

Explanation:

Hello!

In this case, since we volume, pressure and temperature which are all changing, we can use the combined ideal gas law to write:

Thus, since the final volume V2 is required, by solving for it, we write:

In such a way, we plug in the given data to obtain:

Which means that the process compressed the gas.

Best regards.

Final answer:

To find the new volume, we can use the combined gas law equation.

Explanation:

To solve this problem, you can use the combined gas law equation, which relates the initial and final conditions of pressure, volume, and temperature.

The combined gas law equation is: P1 * V1 / T1 = P2 * V2 / T2

Substituting the given values into the equation, we can solve for the new volume:

(3.36 atm * 15.0 L) / 298 K = (5.60 atm * V2) / 383 K

Simplifying and solving for V2, the new volume, we find V2 = 11.78 L.

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Answer:

840.18

Explanation:

Use the equation: Q = mcΔT

m = mass (5 g)

c = specific heat (4.18)

ΔT = change in temperature (65.3-25.1 = 40.2)

= 840.12

The elements according to the decreasing atomic radius are arranged as-

K, Ca, Sc, Ga, Ge, As, Br, Kr

An atomic radius is half the distance between adjacent atoms of the same element in a molecule. It is a measure of the size of the element’s atoms, which is typically the mean distance from the nucleus centre to the boundary of its surrounding shells of the electrons.

An atom gets larger as the number of electronic shells increase; therefore the radius of atoms increases as you go down a certain group in the periodic table of elements. The atomic radius decreases on moving from left to right across a period.

Thus the elements according to the decreasing atomic radius are arranged as -

K, Ca, Sc, Ga, Ge, As, Br, Kr

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Some of the effects of erosion on the environment includes :

• Washing away of soil nutrients
• Pollution of the waterways
• Blockage of drainages
• degradation of soil

Ways to protect the earth from soil erosion includes

• planting of cover crops
• Mulching
• use of crush rocks on certain areas

Soli erosion is the washing away of the top soil of the earth's crust which can be caused by the movement of wind , water or ice over the surface of the earth crust. this action leads to the degradation of the soil

Soli erosion leads to the washing away of soil nutrients and the pollution of waterways because of the deposition of soil particles into the waterways.  the washed away soil can also block the drainages leading to a bigger problem ( flooding ).

Some of the steps that would help protect the soil from the effects of soil erosion are planting of cover crops , mulching and use of crush rocks on areas that are used most frequently to prevent the washing away of the soil.

Hence we can conclude that the effects of soil erosion are Washing away of soil nutrients , Pollution of the waterways, Blockage of drainages while ways to protect the earth from erosion are ;planting of cover crops, Mulching, use of crush rocks on certain areas

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Answer:

The consequences of soil erosion go beyond the loss of fertile land. It has contributed to increased runoff and sedimentation in streams and rivers, clogging these waters and causing declines in fish and other animals.

We can protect the community from soil erosion by -:

• Maintaining a good, perennial cover for plants.  

• From mulching.  

• Planting a crop for cover

Explanation:

SOIL EROSION -: The soil erosion mechanism is both natural and man-made. In nature, this refers to the removal of the top layer of soil caused by wind and water, while human activity may increase exposure to these elements.

MAJOR EFFECTS OF SOIL EROSION -:

• Pollution and Low Water Quality -:Sedimentation is created by gradual soil erosion, a process by which rocks and minerals in the soil are separated from the soil and deposited elsewhere, often in streams and rivers. Soil contaminants, such as fertilizers and pest control agents, often settle in the streams and rivers to protect crops. Water contaminants contribute to low water quality, including drinking water quality, if the contaminants are not removed prior to ingestion. As sunlight can get through the sediment, sedimentation also leads to the excessive growth of algae. According to the World Wildlife Fund, high levels of algae drain too much oxygen from the water, resulting in the mortality of marine species and reduced fish stocks.
• Structural Issues and Mudslides -:Soil erosion contributes to mudslides, impacting the stability of buildings and roadways and their structural integrity. Mudslides affect not only soil-supported structures, but also buildings and roads that are in the path of slides. Mudslides occur when, as a result of the intensity and energy of heavy rainfall, fine sand , clay, silt, organic matter and soil spill off the sides of hills and slopes. According to Envirothon, a program of the National Conservation Foundation and North America's largest high school environmental education competition, this runoff happens rapidly, because there is not enough time for the surface to reabsorb or catch the eroding soil.
• Flooding and Deforestation -:Deforestation erodes soil — the removal of trees to create space for towns and agriculture. Trees help to maintain soil in place, so winds and rains drive the loose soil and rocks to streams and rivers when they are uprooted, resulting again in unnecessary sedimentation. The thick layers of sediment keep streams and rivers from flowing smoothly, ultimately contributing to flooding. Excess water, especially during rainy seasons and when the snow melts, gets trapped by the sediment and has nowhere to go except back on land.

• The Deterioration of Soil -:Soil nutrient depletion is often the result of poorly performed cultivation and cultivation practices that contribute to soil erosion. For natural vegetation and agricultural purposes, excessive irrigation and obsolete tilling practices decrease the amount of nutrients in the soil and make it less fertile.

PROTECTION OF COMMUNITY FROM SOIL EROSION -

• Maintaining a good, perennial cover for plants  -: Your perennial garden's care and upkeep need not be difficult or overwhelming. A blend of certain simple horticultural values with common sense and a good eye is a great part of good gardening.
• MULCHING -:The amount of water that evaporates from your soil will be reduced by mulch, greatly reducing the need to water the plants. By breaking up clay and permitting better movement of water and air through the soil. Mulch supplements sandy soil with nutrients and enhances its ability to retain water.

• PLANTING A  CROP FOR COVER -: Winter rye in vegetable gardens, for instance. This includes annual grasses, small grains , legumes and other forms of vegetation that have been planted to provide temporary vegetative cover. Cover crops are also often tilled as a 'green manure' crop under serving.

Answer:

1.44 x 10²⁵ ions of Na⁺

Explanation:

Given parameters:

Mass of NaCl  = 1.4kg  = 1400g

Unknown:

Number of ions of sodium  = ?

Solution:

The compound NaCl in ionic form can be written as;

      NaCl →  Na⁺ + Cl⁻

In 1 mole of NaCl we have 1 mole of sodium ions

 Now, let us find the number of moles in NaCl;

  Number of moles  =  

    Molar mass of NaCl  = 23 + 35.5 = 58.5g/mol

Number of moles  =       = 23.93mol

 So;

   Since 1 mole of NaCl gives 1 mole of Na⁺  

    In 23.93 mole of NaCl will give 23.93 mole of Na⁺

1 mole of a substance  = 6.02 x 10²³ ions of a substance

  23.93 mole of a substance  =  6.02 x 10²³ x  23.93

                                                   = 1.44 x 10²⁵ ions of Na⁺