Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare genetic disease. Affected individuals exhibit impaired functioning of ciliated cells. Based on what you know about the role of cilia in eukaryotic cells, why would you expect people with PCD to be particularly susceptible to respiratory infections?

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Answer 1
Answer:

Answer:

Cilia are motile in the lungs responsible for keeping the airways clear of dirt and mucus by their characteristic beating motion and rhythmic waving allowing a person to breathe easily and without irritation. These are present in both the lungs as well as middle ear.

As in Primary ciliary dyskinesia , there are defects in the action of cilia in the lining of the respiratory tract , middle ear , sinuses , eustachian tube etc the cilia cannot peforms its regular role .Infections can lead to an irreversible scarring and obstruction in the bronchi resulting in :

1) Shortness of breath.

2) Recurring chest colds.

3) Sinusitis.

4) Coughing , gagging , choking,

5)Middle ear infections

Answer 2
Answer:

Answer: The respiratory wall or mucosa is made up of the epithelium and supporting lamina propria. The epithelium of respiratory tract is tall columnar pseudostratified with CILIA and goblet cells The cilia aids in sweeping away dusts and bacteria that adheres to the mucous on the epithelium. Therefore people with Primary ciliary dyskinesia are prone to Respiratory infections.

Explanation: Primary ciliary dyskinesia also called immotile ciliary syndrome is a rare genetic disease that affects the movement of cilia lining the respiratory tract. The major consequences of this dysfunction is reduced or absent mucus clearance from the lungs which subsequently leads to chronic recurrent respiratory infections

I hope this helps. Thanks!


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A dedicated surgery suite must be used for which type of surgery?

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Major survival surgery on non-rodent mammals

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A woman has a rare eyelid abnormality called ptosis, which makes it impossible for her to open her eyes all the way. The condition is caused by a dominant allele. The woman's father had ptosis but her mother was normal. Her father's mother also had normal eyelids.a. What are the genotypes of the woman, her father, and her mother? b. What proportion of the woman's children will have ptosis if she marries a man with normal eyelids?

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If you keep in mind that a child gets one gene from the father, andanother from the mother, all should be fine.

a) starting with the father: since he is infected, he then has atleast one P. Knowing his mother wasn't, then her genotype was pp.Since he must have gotten one of her genes, then the father'sgenotype is Pp.
Since her mother had normal eyes, she must have had pp, because ifshe had even one P, she would have ptosis -since the allele isdominant-.
Since the woman is infected, and her mother is pp, then for thesame reasoning as her father, her genotype is Pp.

b) so this is a cross between Pp X pp. Draw your punnets square.There's a 50% chance that her children will have pp genotype thusno ptosis. 50% of her children will have ptosis with genotype Pp.

Final answer:

The woman with ptosis and her father have the genotype Pp, while her mother has pp. If she marries a man with normal eyelids (pp), there is a 50% chance that their children will inherit the dominant P allele and have ptosis.

Explanation:

The subject here is centered around genetics, specifically, a dominant genetic disorder called ptosis. The woman with ptosis would have a genotype of Pp, because she inherited one ptosis allele (P, for dominant) from her father and one normal allele (p, for recessive) from her mother. Hence, her father's genotype was also Pp, and her mother's was pp.

If the woman marries a man with normal eyelids (genotype pp), each child would have a 0.5 (or 50%) probability of inheriting the dominant P allele from the mother and thus, having ptosis. This is because each child will get a p allele from the father (since he can provide only that), and either a P or p allele from the mother with the probabilities being 50% for each. Hence, for these offspring, their potential genotypes can be Pp (ptosis) or pp (normal).

Learn more about Dominant Genetic Disorders here:

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In mice, the autosomal locus coding for the β-globin chain of hemoglobin is 1 m.u. from the albino locus. Assume for the moment that the same is true in humans. The disease sickle-cell anemia is the result of homozygosity for a particular mutation in the β-globin gene.a. A son is born to an albino man and a woman with sickle-cell anemia. What kinds of gametes will the son form, and in what proportions? (2 points)b. A daughter is born to a normal man and a woman who has both albinism and sickle-cell anemia. What kinds of gametes will the daughter form, and in what proportions? (2 points)c. If the son in part a grows up and marries the daughter in part b, what is the probability that a child of theirs will be an albino with sickle-cell anemia? (1 point)

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Answer:

Explanation:

The disease sickle cell anemia is caused by homozygosity for a mutation:

  • SS or Ss genotypes: normal
  • ss: anemia

Albinism is a recessive trait:

  • AA or Aa: normal
  • aa: albinism

The genes S/s and A/a are linked and separated by 1  map unit.

Remember that 1 mu means that 1% of the gametes produced by an individual will be recombinant.

a) Albino man (Sa/Sa) X woman with sickle-cell anemia (sA/sA)

Son: Sa/sA

The gametes he can produce are:

  • Parentals: Sa and sA
  • Recombinant: SA and sa

Since the frequency of recombination is 1% (or 0.01), each recombinant gamete has a frequency of 0.005 (since there are two possible recombinant gametes).

The parental gametes will appear with a frequency of 0.99, each of them with a frequenct of 0.495.

b) Normal man (SA/SA) X woman with anemia and albinism (sa/sa)

Daughter: SA/sa

The gametes she can produce are:

  • Parentals: SA (0.495) and sa (0.495)
  • Recombinant: Sa (0.005) and sA (0.005)

c) Son (Sa/sA) X daughter (SA/sa)

In order for them to have an albino child with anemia (sa/sa), the gamete sa from each parent had to be produced and fused into the zygote. Since the production of gametes by each parent is an independent event, the probability of having sa/sa offspring can be calculated as:

Prob. sa gamete son × Prob. sa gamete daughter = 0.005 × 0.495 = 0.0025

The probability that a child of theirs will be an albino with sickle-cell anemia is 0.25%

What are some of the functions of vascular tissue in seedless plants? (Choose all that apply)provides structural support that allows some lycophytes to grow taller
transports water and minerals
transports food
produces food through photosynthesis

Answers

Vascular tissues can provide support to the plants and also help in the transport of water, mineral and food. So, the correct options are A, B and C.

What is vascular tissue?

Vascular tissues mainly perform the function of supplying all the parts of the plant with water, minerals and food. there are two kinds of vascular tissues - xylem and phloem.

Xylem is the water-conducting vascular tissue. It conducts water from the roots of the plant to various other parts. In the xylem, the movement of water is unidirectional, which means it only conducts water from bottom to top and sometimes sideways

Phloem is the food-conducting vascular tissue of plants. It conducts water from leaves to other parts of the plant. In phloem, the movement of water is bidirectional, which means it conducts water from both directions. Xylem and phloem lie next to each other in a bundle called a vascular bundle.

Lycophytes are a group of seedless vascular plants which have a unique arrangement of their vascular tissues. In these plants, the lycophytes support the growth of plants.

Therefore, the correct options are A, B and C.

Read more about vascular tissues, herebrainly.com/question/1162129

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Answer:

Explanation:

Xylem transports and stores water and water-soluble nutrients in vascular plants.

Phloem is responsible for transporting sugars, proteins, and other organic molecules in plants.

Vascular plants are able to grow higher than other plants due to the rigidity of xylem cells, which support the plant.

Trans fat:a. is found naturally in some animal products
b. has an established daily value that can be followed in a daily menu
c. does not appear to be linked to the development of chronic disease such as diabetes and coronary artery disease
d. a and b
e. none of the above

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I think it's A and B??????? I'm not sure

Which products do not have scientific studies supporting their claims to be beneficial when used?A. Cofactors and coenzymes to support enzyme function
B. Lactase enzymes used in milk sugar digestion
C. Enzyme that aids in the digestion of oligosaccharides
D. Enzymes to promote immune system function

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The answer is A I think