CHEMISTRY COLLEGE

A cylinder is filled with 10.0L of gas and a piston is put into it. The initial pressure of the gas is measured to be 96.0kPa. The piston is now pulled up, expanding the gas, until the gas has a final volume of 45.0L. Calculate the final pressure of the gas. Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits.

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Answer:

The final pressure of the gas is:- 21.3 kPa

Explanation:

Using Boyle's law

${P_1}* {V_1}={P_2}* {V_2}$

Given ,

V₁ = 10.0 L

V₂ = 45.0 L

P₁ = 96.0 kPa

P₂ = ?

Using above equation as:

${P_1}* {V_1}={P_2}* {V_2}$

${96.0\ kPa}* {10.0\ L}={P_2}* {45.0\ L}$

${P_2}=\frac {{96.0}* {10.0}}{45.0}\ kPa$

${P_2}=21.3\ kPa$

The final pressure of the gas is:- 21.3 kPa

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MEASUREMENT AND MATTER Interconverting temperatures in Celsius and Kelvins The metal osmium becomes superconducting at temperatures below 655.mk Calculate the temperature at which osmium becomes superconducting in degrees Celsius. Be sure your answer has the correct number of significant digits. Ac

Answers

Answer: $-272^0C$ .

Explanation:

Temperature of the gas is defined as the degree of hotness or coldness of a body. It is expressed in units like $^0C$ and $K$

These units of temperature are inter convertible.

We are given:

Temperature of the gas = $655mK=0.655K$ (1mK=0.001 K)

Converting this unit of temperature into $^0C$ by using conversion factor:

$(t-273.15)^0C=tK$

$273.15K=0^0C$

Thus $0.655K=(0.655-273.15)^0C=-272^0C$

Thus the temperature is $-272^0C$ .

In the context of a balanced chemical equation, a____is a number to the lower right of an element or ion within formula and it applies to____. A____is a number to the left of a formula and it applies to_____. Only_____should be added or changed when balancing chemical equations.

Answers

Answer:

Explanation:

The preceding chapter introduced the use of element symbols to represent individual atoms. When atoms gain or lose electrons to yield ions, or combine with other atoms to form molecules, their symbols are modified or combined to generate chemical formulas that appropriately represent these species. Extending this symbolism to represent both the identities and the relative quantities of substances undergoing a chemical (or physical) change involves writing and balancing a chemical equation. Consider as an example the reaction between one methane molecule (CH4) and two diatomic oxygen molecules (O2) to produce one carbon dioxide molecule (CO2) and two water molecules (H2O). The chemical equation representing this process is provided in the upper half of Figure 1, with space-filling molecular models shown in the lower half of the figure.

Final answer:

In a balanced chemical equation, a subscript is a number to the right of an element indicating the number of atoms in a molecule. A coefficient is a number to the left of a formula indicating the number of molecules. Only coefficients should be altered when balancing equations.

Explanation:

In the context of a balanced chemical equation, a subscript is a number to the lower right of an element or ion within a formula and it applies to the number of atoms of that element in a molecule. A coefficient is a number placed to the left of a formula and it applies to the number of molecules of the entire substance. Only coefficients should be changed when balancing chemical equations because altering subscripts changes the substance itself.

The balanced chemical equation is a symbolic representation of a chemical reaction, where the number of each type of atom is equalized for both the products and reactants, in accordance with the law of conservation of matter.

For example, in the equation 2H₂O, the subscript '2' to the right of 'H' shows that there are two hydrogen atoms in one water molecule, and the coefficient '2' to the left of 'H₂O' means there are two molecules of water, totaling four hydrogen atoms.

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What is the relationship between potential and kinetic energy?*As potential energy increases, kinetic energy increases.
O As potential energy increases, kinetic energy decreases.
As potential energy decreases, kinetic energy decreases.
O Potential and kinetic energy are two separate things and have no relationship.

Answers

Answer:

As potential energy increases, kinetic energy decreases

It's an inverse relationship

Final answer:

Potential energy and kinetic energy are related through the law of conservation of energy. When potential energy increases, kinetic energy decreases, and vice versa, as energy is simply converted between these two forms.

Explanation:

The relationship between kinetic energy and potential energy lies within the law of conservation of energy. This law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only converted from one form to another.

Potential energy is the energy stored in an object due to its position in a force field or due to its configuration. For example, when you lift a book off the ground, it gains potential energy because of the work done against the force of gravity.

On the other hand, kinetic energy is the energy of an object due to its motion. The same book, when dropped, loses potential energy and gains kinetic energy as it falls towards the ground.

Hence, when potential energy increases, kinetic energy decreases, and vice versa. This is because the total energy (potential + kinetic) must be conserved, assuming no energy is lost to other forms like heat or sound.

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Estimate the surface-to-volume ratio of a C60 fullerene by treating the molecule as a hollow sphere and using 77pm for the atomic radius of carbon.

Answers

Answer:

The surface-to-volume ratio of a C-60 fullerene is 3:77.

Explanation:

Surface area of sphere = $S=4\pi r^2$

Volume of the sphere = $V=(4)/(3)\pi r^3$

where : r = radius of the sphere

Radius of the C-60 fullerene sphere = r = 77 pm

Surface area of the C-60 fullerene = $S=4\pi (77 pm)^2$ ...[1]

Volume area of the C-60 fullerene = $V=(4)/(3)\pi (77 pm)^3$ ..[2]

Dividing [1] by [2]:

$(S)/(V)=(4\pi (77 pm)^2)/((4)/(3)\pi (77 pm)^3)$

$=(3)/(77)$

The surface-to-volume ratio of a C-60 fullerene is 3:77.

Oxygen is a __________ and nitrogen is a __________. metalloid, metalloid nonmetal, metal nonmetal, nonmetal nonmetal, metalloid metal, metalloid

Answers

Answer:

"nonmetal, nonmetal"

Explanation:

Oxygen is a non metal and Nitrogen is a non metal. It is 8th element of the periodic table. It is located in period 2 and group 16.

Nitrogen lies at the group 15 of the periodic table. Its atomic no is 7. Its valency is 2.

Hence, the correct option is (c) "nonmetal, nonmetal".

Final answer:

Oxygen and nitrogen are both nonmetals. They are unable to conduct heat or electricity effectively and are typically found on the right side of the periodic table.

Explanation:

In the periodic table of elements, oxygen and nitrogen are both classified as nonmetals. Nonmetals are elements that are not able to conduct electricity or heat very well. As opposed to metals, nonmetals are brittle and do not have the ability to be shaped into thin sheets or wires. They are typically found on the right side of the periodic table and are represented by groups 14-17. So, to answer the student's question, oxygen is a nonmetal and nitrogen is a nonmetal.

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Which element is oxidized in the following reaction Mn²⁺ + 2 K → Mn(s) + 2 K⁺ ?

Answers

Potassium is oxidized (k)
Leo ger is the nuemonic
- loss electrons = oxidized
- gain electrons = reduced

You can see K gains a positive charge so it is safe to assume it lost some (negatively charged) electrons

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