CHEMISTRY COLLEGE

1. (a) What name is given to the law describing the relationship between volume and pressure at constant temperature? Write a mathematical expression that describes this relationship. (2 marks)(b) Sketch a graph of the relationship described in part (a).

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:

a)Boyle's law states that pressure is inversely proportional to the volume of the gas at constant temperature.

$Pressure\propto (1)/(Volume)$ (At constant temperature)

The equation given by this law is:

$PV=k$

$P_1V_1=P_2V_2$

where,

$P_1\text{ and }V_1$ are initial pressure and volume respectively.

$P_2\text{ and }V_2$ are final pressure and volume respectively.

b) A graph of the relationship is attached as an image.

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What is the pOH of a 7.9 x 10 ^-4 M OH- solution?

pOH= ?

Answers

Answer: pOH of the given hydroxide ion concentration is 3.10

Explanation:

pOH is defined as the negative logarithm of hydroxide ion concentration. It is represented by the equation:

$pOH=-\log[OH^-]$

We are given:

Hydroxide ion concentration, $[OH^-]=7.9* 10^(-4)M$

Putting values in above equation, we get:

$pOH=-\log(7.9* 10^(-4))\n\npOH=3.10$

Hence, pOH of the given hydroxide ion concentration is 3.10

pOH is defined as -log([OH-]).

pOH = -log([OH-]) = -log(7.9 * 10^-4) = 3.1

Hope this helps!

What are the conjugate base and conjugate acid for HSO4−? What is the term used to describe species that can behave as either an acid or a base, depending on the chemical environment?

Answers

The conjugate acid $H^+$ and base $SO4^2-$ and the term would be Amphoteric.

Conjugate acid-

What is Amphoteric?

Amphoteric is described as the term employed to denote a substance that possesses the characteristics of both an acid, as well as, a base.

Given equilibrium:

$HSO4^-(aq)$ → $H^+(aq) + SO4^2-(aq)$

Therefore, the dissolution of $HSO4^-$ in water leads to the display acid that is conjugate $H^+$ and the conugate base $SO4^2-$ .

In case, the properties of both are reflected, it shows amphoteric nature.

Learn more about "Acid" here:

brainly.com/question/26083032

Answer:

Conjugate acid- H^+

Conjugate base- SO4^2-

Terminology- Amphoteric

Explanation:

Consider the equilibrum shown below;

HSO4^-(aq)<-------> H^+(aq) + SO4^2-(aq)

Hence, When HSO4^- is dissolved in aqueous solution, it's conjugate acid is H^+ and it's conjugate base is SO4^2- as shown in the equation above.

If a substance behaves both as an acid and as a base, then the substance is Amphoteric in nature.

The chemical reaction for the formation of syngas is: CH4 + H2O -> CO + 3 H2 What is the rate for the formation of hydrogen, if the rate of the formation of carbon monoxide is 0.35 M/s ? g

Answers

Answer : The rate for the formation of hydrogen is, 1.05 M/s

Explanation :

The general rate of reaction is,

$aA+bB\rightarrow cC+dD$

Rate of reaction : It is defined as the change in the concentration of any one of the reactants or products per unit time.

The expression for rate of reaction will be :

$\text{Rate of disappearance of A}=-(1)/(a)(d[A])/(dt)$

$\text{Rate of disappearance of B}=-(1)/(b)(d[B])/(dt)$

$\text{Rate of formation of C}=+(1)/(c)(d[C])/(dt)$

$\text{Rate of formation of D}=+(1)/(d)(d[D])/(dt)$

$Rate=-(1)/(a)(d[A])/(dt)=-(1)/(b)(d[B])/(dt)=+(1)/(c)(d[C])/(dt)=+(1)/(d)(d[D])/(dt)$

From this we conclude that,

In the rate of reaction, A and B are the reactants and C and D are the products.

a, b, c and d are the stoichiometric coefficient of A, B, C and D respectively.

The negative sign along with the reactant terms is used simply to show that the concentration of the reactant is decreasing and positive sign along with the product terms is used simply to show that the concentration of the product is increasing.

The given rate of reaction is,

$CH_4+H_2O\rightarrow CO+3H_2$

The expression for rate of reaction :

$\text{Rate of disappearance of }CH_4=-(d[CH_4])/(dt)$

$\text{Rate of disappearance of }H_2O=-(d[H_2O])/(dt)$

$\text{Rate of formation of }CO=+(d[CO])/(dt)$

$\text{Rate of formation of }H_2=+(1)/(3)(d[H_2])/(dt)$

The rate of reaction expression is:

$\text{Rate of reaction}=-(d[CH_4])/(dt)=-(d[H_2O])/(dt)=+(d[CO])/(dt)=+(1)/(3)(d[H_2])/(dt)$

As we are given that:

$+(d[CO])/(dt)=0.35M/s$

Now we to determine the rate for the formation of hydrogen.

$+(1)/(3)(d[H_2])/(dt)=+(d[CO])/(dt)$

$+(1)/(3)(d[H_2])/(dt)=0.35M/s$

$(d[H_2])/(dt)=3* 0.35M/s$

$(d[H_2])/(dt)=1.05M/s$

Thus, the rate for the formation of hydrogen is, 1.05 M/s

the hydrogen gas generated when calcium metal reacts with water is collected over water at 20 degrees C. The volume of the gas is 641 mL and the pressure is 988mmHg. What is the mass in grams of the hydrogen gas obtained? The vapor pressure of water at 20 degrees C is 17.54 mmHg.

Answers

The mass of hydrogen gas obtained is 0.068 g of hydrogen gas.

The equation of the reaction is;

Ca(s) +2H2O(l) →Ca(OH)2(aq) + H2(g)

We have to obtain the number of moles of hydrogen gas produced using the information in the question.

P = 988mmHg - 17.54 mmHg = 1.28 atm

V = 641 mL or 0.641 L

T = 20 + 273 = 293 K

n = ?

R = 0.082 atmLK-1mol-1

From;

PV = nRT

n = PV/RT

n = 1.28 atm × 0.641 L/ 0.082 atmLK-1mol-1 × 293 K

n = 0.82/24.026

n = 0.034 moles

Mass of hydrogen = 0.034 moles × 2 g/mol = 0.068 g of hydrogen gas

Learn more: brainly.com/question/1445383

Answer:

There is 0.0677 grams of H2 gas obtained

Explanation:

Step 1: Data given

The total pressure (988 mmHg) is the sum of the pressure of the collected hydrogen + the vapor pressure of water (17.54 mmHg).

ptotal = p(H2)+ p(H2O)

p(H2) = ptotal - pH2O = 988 mmHg - 17.54 mmHg = 970.46 mmHg

Step 2: Calculate moles of H2 gas

Use the ideal gas law to calculate the moles of H2 gas

PV = nRT

n = PV / RT

⇒ with p = pressure of H2 in atm = 970.46 mmHg * (1 atm /760 mmHg) = 1.277 atm

⇒ V = volume of H2 in L = 641 mL x (1 L / 1000 mL) = 0.641 L

⇒ n = the number of moles of H2 = TO BE DETERMINED

⇒ R = the gas constant = 0.08206 L*atm/K*mol

⇒ T = the temperature = 20.0 °C = 293.15 Kelvin

n = (1.277)(0.641) / (0.08206)(298.15) = 0.0335 moles H2

Step 3: Calculate mass of H2

Mass of H2 = moles H2 ¨molar H2

0.0335 moles H2 * 2.02 g/mol H2 = 0.0677g H2

There is 0.0677 grams of H2 gas obtained

Looking at the different chemical structures, which one(s) might be able to holdcancer fighting drugs and could then travel through the body safely until they
released the drugs into the cancer cells?
a) Graphite and diamond because these well known substances have been used
for years to treat cancer
b) Graphite because it is found in pencils and is a good lubricant
c) Fullerene and carbon nanotubes because they have empty spaces inside the
molecules
d) Diamond because it is one of the hardest substances

Answers

Answer:

c) Fullerene and carbon nanotubes because they have empty spaces inside the molecules

Explanation:

Fullerene and carbon nanotubes would be the most desired in order to hold the cancer fighting drugs and to carry them through the body safely.

These molecules have empty spaces in them.
The cavities makes it possible for storage.
As they pass through the body, they can be held perfectly well to their target site of action.

PLEASE HELP FAST!!If metal X is lower than metal Y on the activity series, then:
A. X will react in water, but only if the temperature is low enough
B. Y will form oxides of X, but only indirectly
C. X will replace ions of Y in a solution
D. Y will replace ions of X in a solution

Answers

Answer:

D. Y will replace ions of X in a solution

Explanation:

If metal X is lower than metal Y on the activity series, then Y will replace ions of X in a solution.

This is the crux of single displacement reactions.

In a single displacement reaction, a metallic ion in solution is replaced by a metal higher in the activity series than the metal in solution.
On the activity series, metals higher are more reactive and will displace the lower and less reactive ones.
Reactivity increases up the group.

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