How do spermatogenesis and oogenesis differ in terms of the number of gametes they produce?

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Answer 1
Answer: In spermatogenesis,from a single spermatogonia 4 haploid sperms are produced after meiosis (100% efficiency).But in case of oogenesis,from a single oocyte only one is transformed into ovum even after meiotic division(25% efficiency)

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___ is the phase in a woman's life during which the ovarian and uterine cycles cease.

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Menopause usually happens at the age of 45 - 51 among females. When ovarian and uterine cycle cease, menstruation and pregnancy will also stop,

Early organisms in the precambrian era converted ______ to oxygen.

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Answer:

Early organisms in the precambrian era converted ___Carbon dioxide__ to oxygen.

Explanation:

THE PRECAMBRIAN ERA:

The word Precambrian means before the Cambrian period. Before the formation of oldest rock with having fossils in them this term was used to the whole period of earth's history.

This era gone through number of important changes. One important change is that atmosphere of this era is deprived of Oxygen. All other content of the atmosphere is same as component of air present today but with little water vapours. Early organisms in the precambrian era converts carbon dioxide into oxygen. This oxygen was very less and begins to combine chemically with iron and other elements. This produces great mineral deposits around the world. This is the era from where aerobic respiration organisms start their life cycles.

Carbon dioxide to oxygen.
This was the start of the evolution of photosynthesis, where carbon dioxide is broken down to its constituents, and the carbon is used for the synthesis of glucose to be stored in the organism as energy storage.

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Why do ecologist make models?

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Ecologists make models to gain insight into complex phenomena such as the effects of global warming on ecosystems.

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Ecologist make models to be able to examine complicated environmental processes more readily and quickly.

Ecologists can also attempt to forecast what will happen in the future. Ecologists use the model to analyze natural events in order to better understand them.

An ecosystem model is an abstract, typically mathematical, representation of an ecological system (varying in scale from an individual population to an ecological community or even a whole biome) that is examined in order to get a better understanding of the real system.

There are two types of Ecologist Models;

(1) analytic models

(2) simulation / computational models.

Thus, to obtain understanding into complicated phenomena such as the consequences of global warming on ecosystems the ecologist make models.

Learn more about Ecologist Models here,

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In a process called radiometric dating, scientists measure the __________ of an isotope to determine the age of the earth

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Answer:

In a process called radiometric dating, scientists measure the fix decay rate of an isotope to determine the age of the earth.

Explanation:

In the process of radiometric dating we can find the age of fossils, how long the rocks formed and fossils contains within those rocks. Radiometric is very accurate to date the earth, and radioactive decay of unstable isotopes like uranium, carbon and potassium that are slow to decay.  

Scientist measures the fixed decay rate during the radioactive decay, it happens when an unstable atomic nucleus continuous changes to lower energy state and splits the radiation.

 

The answer is: fixed decay rate!

There are several components to a functional osteon. changes to which of the following components would make the bones less strong overall and cause the bones to bend under a person's body weight?

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The osteon is the fundamental functional unit of compact bone and it consists of concentric layers (lamellae), of compact bone tissue that surrounds a central canal.What gives a strength, hardness and rigidity to bone is the presence of mineral salt in the osteoid matrix, a complex of calcium and phosphate -hydroxyapatite. Calcified bone contains about 25% organic matrix (2-5% of which are cells), 5% water and 70% inorganic mineral (hydroxyapatite). So, changes in hydroxyapatite would cause the bones to bend under a person's body weight. 
Hydroxyapatite is your answer. It is a mineral form of calcium which is great for your bones and changes in it would cause the bones to bend under a person's body weight.

during photosynthesis the energy from sunlight is used to split water molecules what happens to the hydrogen ions that are split from the water molecules

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During photosynthesis, the energy from sunlight splits water molecules to produce a chemical reaction. The hydrogen ions from water molecules are participate in the reaction by forming a sugar called glucose (C6H12O6). It can be observed that all of the hydrogen is converted to glucose, while elemental oxygen is produced.