When the temperature of a substance decreases, the average kinetic energy of its particles also decreases. This is because the temperature of a substance is proportional to the average kinetic energy of its particles. The slower the particles move, the lower the kinetic energy.
The question refers to the relationship between the temperature of a substance and the average kinetic energy of its particles. According to the kinetic-molecular theory, the temperature of a substance is proportional to the average kinetic energy of its particles. When the temperature of a substance rises, the particles vibrate more in solids or move more rapidly in liquids and gases, indicating an increase in kinetic energy. Conversely, if the temperature decreases, the kinetic energy also decreases, and the particles move more slowly.
For instance, when the temperature of a gas increases, its average kinetic energy increases, more molecules have higher speeds and fewer molecules have lower speeds. The distribution shifts towards higher speeds overall. If the temperature decreases, the opposite happens: the average kinetic energy decreases, more molecules have lower speeds and fewer molecules have higher speeds. The distribution shifts towards lower speeds overall.
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When a barium atom loses two electrons it becomes a positive ion and its radius decreases. Barium (Ba) has atomic number 56 so it has 2 electrons in first shell of an atom to become stable according to duplet rule. Then other 52 electrons revolve in the shells according to octet rules.
Another 2 electrons are in the outermost shell. To become stable electrons lose to form barium ions (Ba+2). Hence, by losing 2 electrons the outermost shell will be diminished so its radius decreases and by losing electrons it becomes positive ions.
Answer:
The correct answer is option 3, It becomes a positive ion and its radius decreases
Explanation:
As per the Octet rule, Barium has 2 electrons in its outermost shell. When it loses the two electron it gains two positive charge i.e Ba2+. As the barium loses the two electron from its outermost shell, the outermost shell becomes vacant and thus is no more considered as a part of atomic geometry of the barium atom and since the outermost shell is considered negligible the radius of barium atom reduces automatically.
(1) nitrogen
(2) oxygen
(3) carbon
(4) sulfur
b. hydration
c. deliquescent
d. solvation
Let us understand all the terms
Hydration : this is the addition of water to anything. It can be addition of water to double or triple bond, absorption of water by a substance. so it cannot be loss of water.
Deliquescent : it is the absorption of water by a substance and getting dissolved in it. Like NaOH is a deliquescent substance.
Solvation: It is the phenomenon where a substance get surrounded by solvent molecules. If solvent is water it is known as hydration.
Thus the answer is
effloresce : where a substance loses water.
Answer: The correct answer is Option 2.
Explanation:
Natural transmutation is defined as the decay process of the radioactive elements which occur spontaneously by a process that causes transmutation.
Artificial transmutation is defined as the process where artificially induced nuclear reaction is done by the bombardment of nucleus with high energy particles on a radioactive element. It is a spontaneous reaction.
Natural decay or radioactive decay are the processes in which a nucleus disintegrates spontaneously on its own. There are many processes by which this decay takes place.
Hence, the correct answer is Option 2.
Artificial transmutation is the process where an atom of an element is made radioactive by bombardment with high-energy protons. This process was exemplified by Ernest Rutherford when bombarding nitrogen atoms with alpha particles. Thus, changes in atomic structure due to high-energy proton bombardment are results of artificial transmutation.
The change undergone by an atom of an element made radioactive by bombardment with high-energy protons is called artificial transmutation. This is a process of nuclear chemistry, which involves the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur through the radioactive decay of a nucleus or via the reaction of a nucleus with another particle.
An example of artificial transmutation was evident in the early work of Ernest Rutherford. In 1919, he bombarded nitrogen atoms with high-speed alpha particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed protons resulting from the reaction. Thus, artificial transmutation is the process responsible for the alteration in atomic structure when an element becomes radioactive due to bombardment by high-energy protons.
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Answer:
The H2O sample has the greatest number of atoms. 1.41 moles, or (1.041 moles)*(5.023x10^23) atoms
Explanation:
We need to convert each value into moles, a count of the number of atoms/molecules.
a) 1.0 moles He
b) 0.60 moles H2
c) 20 grams K: convert to moles with the molar mass of K
(20 grams K)/(39.1 g/mole K) = 0.511 moles K
d) 8.5 mL H2O (density of H2O = 1 g/mL).
Find the mass of the H2): (8.5 ml)*(1 g/ml) = 8.5 grams H2)
Now calculate moles H2): (8.5 grams)/(18 grams/mole) = 0.473 moles H2O
e) 22.6 g KMnO4
(22.6 g KMnO4 )*(158.0 g/mole) = 0.143 moles
Now we need to take into account the number of atoms per molecule:
Molecule Atoms/Molecule Moles Atoms(moles)
He 1 1.0 1.0
H2 2 0.60 1.2
K 1 0.51 0.51
H2O 3 0.47 1.41
KMnO4 6 0.143 0.86
The H2O sample has the greatest number of atoms. 1.41 moles, or (1.041 moles)*(5.023x10^23) atoms