Answer:
South Africa.
Explanation:
Apartheid was a system of institutionalized segregation and racism that existed from 1948 to 1990 in South Africa (and what is now known as Namibia). This nefarious institution dictated that black Africans could not use the same public facilities as the white minority, nor could they have access to the same employment opportunities or housing facilities.
generally harsh and abusive to workers.
The role of Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev was a significant factor in the end of communism in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, and ultimately, the end of the Cold War. His reforms intended to modernize and democratize the Soviet Union, but ultimately led to its disintegration. Key figures like Boris Yeltsin capitalized on the loosening grip and push for independence, leading to the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
One major factor that led to the end of communism in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, subsequently ending the Cold War, is the role of Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev. The Cold War was primarily an ideological battle between the Western Bloc, led by the United States, embracing capitalism and democracy, and the Eastern Bloc, led by the Soviet Union, preferring a communist system.
Starting in 1985, Gorbachev, recognizing the need for change, introduced reforms such as Glasnost (openness) and Perestroika (restructuring). These reforms aimed to democratize and modernize the Soviet Union but ended up accelerating its disintegration. Gorbachev's reforms failed to boost the flailing Soviet economy but did unintentionally provide Soviet citizens and those in satellite nations greater freedoms and an opportunity to demand full independence.
With subsequent pressures, both internal and external, by 1991, advocates of democracy and independence within the Soviet Union had gained significant traction. A failed coup attempt against Gorbachev in August 1991 led to the emergence of Boris Yeltsin, a significant political figure who championed Russia's break from the Soviet Union. By December 1991, Yeltsin and leaders from other Soviet republics had voted to dissolve the Soviet Union. Thus, the Gorbachev era played a pivotal role in shaping the end of the Cold War.
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