Compare and contrast starch, cellulose, and glycogen by using clues to complete this table.

Final answer:

Starch, cellulose, and glycogen are polysaccharides composed of glucose. Starch and glycogen, both used for energy storage, are branched polymers with α-1,4 and α-1,6 glycosidic linkages while cellulose, used for structural support, forms a linear structure with rigid β-1,4 glycosidic linkages.

Explanation:

Starch, cellulose, and glycogen are all polysaccharides composed of glucose units. Starch is a branched polymer which is the primary form of energy storage in plants. It has α-1,4 and α-1,6 glycosidic linkages without the tight crosslinks of cellulose, hence it is less rigid than cellulose.

Cellulose is a linear chain of glucose molecules and forms rigid β-1,4 glycosidic linkages, serving as a structural component in the cell walls of plants and other organisms. Due to its arrangement, it is rigid and forms the structural fiber in plant-based foods.

Glycogen is also a branched polymer, and is the principal storage form of glucose in animal cells and bacteria. While the glycosidic linkages in starch and cellulose differ, glycogen, similar to starch, has α-1,4 and α-1,6 linkages. These different molecular structures allow carbohydrates to serve varied functions such as energy storage (starch and glycogen) and providing structural support (cellulose).

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