The structure of virus consists of viral genome, nucleocapsid, tegument, envelope, and envelope protein. The genome is present in the Nucleocapsid.
The simplest of viruses are composed of genetic material and protein or capsid. Viruses do not produce many structural elements however some viruses may have an additional proteinaceous structure around the genetic material called nucleocapsid and a lipid bilayer covering the outer capsid layer called the envelope. The capsid is there to protect the genetic material from degradation. The viral envelope is derived from the host cell membrane and the virus encoded proteins. The sugar moieties attached to those proteins and this feature influences and contributes to the host specificity, host-parasite interaction etc.
The nucleocapsid protein is encoded by the gag gene in HIV virus and in coronavirus, it is the one present in greatest abundance and highly antigenic.
The virus structure varies among the different families and at the least has a capsid and in some there might be a nucleocapsid additionally covering the genetic material of the virus. It is either a capsid or the nucleocapsid and capsid that covers the genetic material.
The viral genetic material is covered by capsid and nucleocapsid.
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b. has a genome made of RNA.
c. has the simplest of all protein coats.
d. was discovered before any other virus.
How is the virus reproduced during the lysogenic cycle?
a. through reproduction of the host cell
b. by using viral enzymes to reproduce viral DNA
c. by using the cell's enzymes to reproduce viral DNA
d. by breaking the cell open and releasing new viruses
Ans. (b). has a genome made of RNA.
Retroviruses are viruses with RNA molecules as their genome. They insert a copy of their RNA genome into the host cell DNA and change the cell genome. These viruses are generally known as single-stranded positive-sense (+ strand) RNA viruses.
Examples: Human immunodeficiency virus and hepatitis B virus.
Thus, the correct answer is option (b).
Ans. (a). through reproduction of the host cell.
Lysogenic life cycle is a virus reproductive cycle that involves integration of viral nucleic acid into host's genome or formation of a replicon in host's cytoplasm.
The host cells (bacterial cells) remain alive and reproduce normally, so thus, viruses reproduce through the reproduction of host (bacterial cells).
Thus, the correct answer is option (a).
The odd hormone insulin Cortisol
Explanation
Cortisol is known as the odd hormone because it is release when someone stressed and it interfer the brain activity by making the person feels like blank. The low cortisol level causes decrease appettite, fatigue, weightloss, different skin problem, low blood sugar and many more. The high level of cortisol causes the weight gain, acne, muscle weakness, thinning skin, flused face and other type of causes.
Among insulin, cortisol, glucagon, and calcitonin, cortisol is the 'odd one out'. It is classified as a corticosteroid, whereas the others are peptide hormones.
The odd hormone in the list of insulin, cortisol, glucagon, and calcitonin, is cortisol. While insulin, glucagon, and calcitonin are all peptide hormones, cortisol is a corticosteroid, a different type of hormone, released by the adrenal cortex in response to long-term stress. Insulin is produced by the beta cells of the pancreatic islets and regulates blood glucose levels. Glucagon, produced by alpha cells of the pancreas, also helps in regulating blood glucose levels. Calcitonin is a hormone produced by the parafollicular cells of the thyroid gland and functions to lower blood calcium levels. Though all these hormones play integral roles in the body, cortisol, as a corticosteroid, is structurally and functionally different from the others, making it the 'odd one out'.
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Assuming this is a question with 4 different answers...
The answer is B: "Similarities can be seen among related organisms, which shows common ancestry."
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-RxL
A usual heart rate in case of adults varies from 60 to 100 beats per minute. Usually, a lower heart rate at rest signifies more effective functioning of heart and better cardiovascular fitness. For example, a well-trained athlete may possess a usual resting heart rate closer to 40 beats in a minute.
The following is the correct order to measure the heart rate:
1. Make a fist.
2. Find a radial artery.
3. Feel a pulse.
4. Count for 10 seconds.
5. Multiply by 6.
By taste
By use
As beneficial or poisonous
The correct answer is - By using binomial nomenclature.
The ancient people were using their senses and their experiences in the defining of the plant and animal species. This was due to lack of technology, so they used what they had at disposal. Thus the binomial nomenclature is out of question for usage for the ancient people since they were nowhere near the technological level needed to perform such a thing and use it in their daily lives.
can do to protect myself?
Answer
Yes friends,,,,
Your mom is absolutely correct. Milk is very good for our body.
Some others food which are enrich in calcium are
1) green leafy vegetables – such as curly kale, okra and spinach.
soya drinks with added calcium.
2) bread and anything made with fortified flour.
3)fish where you eat the bones – such as sardines and pilchards.
To prevent osteoporosis, it is important to consume enough calcium and vitamin D. Drinking milk is a good source of calcium, but there are other options as well. Additionally, engaging in weight-bearing exercises and eliminating risk factors like smoking and excessive alcohol consumption can help protect against osteoporosis.
Osteoporosis is a disease where bones lose mass and become fragile. It is important to consume enough calcium and vitamin D to prevent osteoporosis. While drinking milk is a good way to get calcium, there are also other sources such as yogurt, cheese, Chinese cabbage, kale, and broccoli. It is also important to engage in weight-bearing exercises and eliminate risk factors like smoking and excessive alcohol consumption.