b. Zero
c. No right choice.
a. Negative
Explanation:
We have to look at its oxidation (burning, explosion) of TNT:
4 C₇H₅N₃O₆ + 21 O₂ → 28 CO₂ + 10 H₂O + 6 N₂ + heat
So trinitrotoluene need more oxygen atoms that is have to be fully oxidized so the oxygen balance will be negative.
An empirical formula with which you calculate the oxygen balance percent (OB %) is:
OB % = (-1600 / molecular wight) × [2X + (Y/2) + M - Z)
were
X = number of carbon atoms
Y = number of hydrogen atoms
M = number of metal atoms
Z = number of oxygen atoms
For TNT:
OB % = (-1600 / 227.13) × [2×7 + (5/2) + 0 - 6)
OB % = -73.97 %
So the oxygen balance percent is negative.
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oxidation of TNT
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The correct answer is A) They all have similar chemical properties.
Explanation:
In chemistry, the periodic table organizes visually the chemical elements. In this, elements are arranged according to different features. In the case of families of the elements, these refer to elements organized in the same column, for example, elements that are in column 18 form a family called noble gases.
These elements form a family because they have chemical properties; in the case of noble gases, this includes similar reactivity and physical features such as color and odor. Besides this, the elements of one family share a similar electron configuration but not the same number of electrons. This means, from the options given the one that identifies the elements that belong to a family is "They all have similar chemical properties".
Each set of elements has an equal number of electrons in the outer orbital. We refer to these as valence electrons. Each element's chemical characteristics are determined by its valence electrons. The correct option is A.
The elements in the same group or column of the periodic table are those whose chemical characteristics are the most comparable. The vertical groups of elements that have the same number of valence electrons and, consequently, comparable chemical characteristics are formed when the elements are arranged in order of atomic number.
Only when matter changes to become a completely other sort of matter can chemical characteristics be measured or observed. They consist of flammability, reactivity, and rusting potential.
Thus the correct option is A.
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N x 10^exp or N x 10e(exp)
examples: 5.6 x 10^-3 or 5.6 x 10e-3
The universe is expanding is as the galaxies are moving away from each other, and the temperature of the universe is decreasing. Therefore, option (1) is correct.
First scientists theorized that as the universe is expanding and its temperature has gradually decreased. The universe has been expanding since the Big Bang and, as it expands, it’s temperature cooling down.
The temperature of the universe can be measured by looking at the cosmicmicrowave background (CMB). The temperature an be estimated by the thermal radiation left over from the BigBang.
The CMB scientists have been investigating that its temperature has been dropping off gradually as our universe expands out and the current average temperature of the cosmos is estimated about 2.73 Kelvin.
The point of the Big Bang from the Big bang theory is described as densesingularity and infinitely hot. The energy from the Big Bang distributed as the universe expands and gives the cooling effect.
But new research suggests otherwise that the temperature of the earth is actually increasing as it expands. Therefore, the temperature of universe increasing with its expansion.
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(2) The atom absorbs energy, and one or more electrons move to a lower electron shell.
(3) The atom releases energy, and one or more electrons move to a higher electron shell.
(4) The atom releases energy, and one or more electrons move to a lower electron shell.
1) The atom absorbs energy, and one or more electrons move to a higher electron shell.
So all the statements except 1) are false.
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b. chloride ions
c. hydroxide ions
d. hydronium ions
Bases in a solution produce hydroxide ions (OH-). This ability to donate a hydroxide ion is what characteristically defines a substance as a base.
When bases dissolve in water, they produce hydroxide ions (OH-). In chemistry, bases are substances that can accept hydrogen ions (H+) or donate a hydroxide ion. For example, when sodium hydroxide (NaOH), a common base, dissolves in water, it dissociates into sodium ions (Na+) and hydroxide ions (OH-). This is the characteristic that defines a substance as a base.
Bases in a solution produce hydroxide ions (OH-). This ability to donate a hydroxide ion is what characteristically defines a substance as a base
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