b. Susan is right, James is the father
c. Susan is not the real mother of the child and an error was made in the nursery
d. It is impossible to make a decision based on the limited data available
During intense exertion or activity involving the muscles, there arises a need for a sudden short term burst of energy. This need for energy is so demanding that it cannot be satisfied through the normal mechanism whereby energy is supplied through aerobic respiration using oxygen.
Therefore the muscle cells must rely on other mechanisms that do not rely on oxygen to fuel muscle contraction and this is where they resort to anaerobic respiration which uses pyruvate to play the role of oxygen as the final electron acceptor. In the process, pyruvate accepts an electron and is reduced to lactic acid in the muscle tissues.
Natural disasters can lead to genetic drift by causing changes in population size and composition. They can result in the loss of genetic variation, founder effects, and bottleneck effects.
Natural disasters can contribute to genetic drift by causing significant changes in the population size and composition of a species. These events can lead to a random loss of genetic variation by causing the death of certain individuals or wiping out entire populations. For example, in a wildfire, individuals with certain genetic traits may be more vulnerable to the fire and are therefore less likely to survive and reproduce, leading to a decrease in the frequency of those traits in future generations.
In addition, natural disasters can also result in founder effects and bottleneck effects. A founder effect occurs when a small group of individuals become isolated from the larger population and establish a new population. The genetic diversity of this new population is greatly reduced compared to the original population, leading to genetic drift. Similarly, a bottleneck effect occurs when a large population undergoes a drastic reduction in size, reducing genetic diversity. Both of these effects can be caused by natural disasters, such as earthquakes or hurricanes.
Overall, natural disasters can have a significant impact on genetic drift by influencing the frequency and distribution of genetic traits within a population.
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Answer:
big changes in environmental conditions can sometimes cause large changes to the gene pool of a species
Explanation:
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