Methane (CH4) consists of a central carbon atom surrounded by four hydrogen atoms in the shape of a tetrahedron, due to the phenomenon of sp³ hybridization.
A molecule of methane, CH4, is composed of a single carbon atom surrounded by four hydrogen atoms. These atoms are placed at the corners of a geometric shape known as a tetrahedron. The carbon atom in methane exhibits a phenomenon called sp³ hybridization. Hybridization refers to the mixing of atomic orbitals to form new, hybrid orbitals. In the case of methane, this leads to four sp³ hybridized orbitals. When methane forms, each of these hybrid orbitals overlaps with a hydrogen orbital, thereby forming a C-H bond. This also creates four regions of electron density. The resulting molecular structure, a tetrahedron, has each of the four hydrogen atoms spaced 109.5° apart.
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b. 29.9 L
c. 44.8L
d. 22.4 L
Answer: d. 22.4 L
Explanation:
According to Avogadro's law , 1 mole of every gas occupies 22.4 L of volume at STP.
moles of ammonia=
Given: Hydrogen is the excess reagent and nitrogen is the limiting reagent as it limits the formation of product.
From the given balanced equation:
2 moles of ammonia is produced by 1 mole of nitrogen.
Thus 2 moles of ammonia is produced by 22.4 L of nitrogen at STP as 1 mole of nitrogen occupies 22.4 L at STP.