b. IV
c. III
d. II
In Engel v. Vitale (1962), the Supreme Court presented the argument that school-sponsored prayer was unconstitutional under a plain text reading of the First Amendment which forbids the establishment of a national religion.
Cases since then have focused on quasi-school sponsored prayer (cheerleaders praying before football games) but the general rule of law is that a school official cannot lead or sponsor prayer.
B. the use of farming to feed a larger population.
C. the development of cities that were built by an earlier civilization.
D. the requirement of their religion to have large cities.