Correct answer:
Historical background/details:
In the decades after the Civil War, states in the South began to pass laws that sought to keep white and black society separate. In the 1880s, a number of state legislatures began to pass laws requiring railroads to provide separate cars for passengers who were black. At the heart of the case that became Plessy v. Ferguson was an 1890 law passed in Louisiana in 1890 that required railroads to provide "separate railway carriages for the white and colored races.”
In 1892, Homer Plessy, who was 1/8 black, bought a first class train railroad ticket, took a seat in the whites only section, and then informed the conductor that he was part black. He was removed from the train and jailed. He argued for his civil rights before Judge John Howard Ferguson and was found guilty. His case went all the way to the Supreme Court which at that time upheld the idea of "separate but equal" facilities.
Several decades later, the 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson decision was overturned. Brown v. Board of Education, decided by the US Supreme Court in 1954, extended civil liberties to all Americans in regard to access to education. The "separate but equal" principle of Plessy v. Ferguson had been applied to education as it had been to transportation. In Topeka, Kansas, Oliver Brown filed a lawsuit after the public school district refused to enroll his daughter in the school closest to their home, making her instead take a bus to a blacks-only school. Other families joined the Brown family lawsuit. When it went to the level of the Supreme Court, there were other cases from other parts of the country that the Supreme Court combined with it. The full name of the case at the Supreme Court level was Oliver Brown, et al. v. Board of Education of Topeka, et al. The arguments were heard before the Supreme Court in 1952 and 1953, and the Brown v. Board of Education decision was issued in 1954. The standard of "separate but equal" was challenged and defeated. Segregation was shown to create inequality, and the Supreme Court unanimously ruled segregation to be unconstitutional.
The 14th Amendment was being violated by states whose laws supported the segregation of schools. Section 1 of the 14th Amendment reads as follows:
B. Leon Trotsky
C. Joseph Stalin
D. Nicholas Romanov
Vladimir Lenin followed the teachings of Karl Marx, led the Bolsheviks, and became the first leader of the USSR Option(A) is correct. Marx's basic hypotheses about society, financial matters, and legislative issues, aggregately comprehended as Marxism.
Karl Heinrich Marx was a German savant, financial specialist, student of history, social scientist, political scholar, writer, pundit of political economy.
Brought into the world in Trier, Germany, Marx concentrated on regulation and reasoning at the colleges of Bonn and Berlin. He wedded German theater pundit and political dissident Jenny in 1843.
Because of his political distributions, Marx became stateless and resided far away, banished for good with his better half and youngsters in London for a really long time, where he kept on fostering his thinking in a joint effort with German scholar Friedrich Engels and distribute his compositions, exploring in the English Exhibition hall Understanding Room.
Therefore Option(A) is correct.
Learn more about Karl Marx here:
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the admission of California as a free state
the admission of Texas as a slave state
In the Compromise of 1850 to the North California was admitted as a free state and at the same time, California agree no to interfere or regulate in the areas or parts that Mexico held inside the state. Also, California wanted to have a better understanding and enforcement by the North of The Fugitive Slave Act which allowed the North to keep and retain escaped slaves with the conditions that they would be returned at a later date to their proper owners in the south. The act in itself was very controversial.
Furthermore, California also agree and guaranteed that Utah and New Mexico would not have any federal restrictions on slavery. Other States were also affected like Texas which lost all boundary claims the state had against its neighbor New Mexico. The State of Texas was not very worry about this because in a later date Congress compensated Texas with a $10 million payment.
As a whole, slavery was still maintained in the nation´s capital, but at the same time trading slaves was prohibited. We most remember that the United States was in its infancy, and many of the decisions made at the time will not be seen as efficient now, but they made sense at that time.