A 19-year-old college sophomore comes to the emergency room because he has noticed a sudden onset of severe shortness of breath. It occurred while he was playing basketball. He is normally healthy and is a nonsmoker. He is an alert, thin, tall male in moderate discomfort secondary to respiratory distress. On physical examination of the lungs, the following is noted: hyperresonant to percussion over the left lung field; decreased to absent breath sounds on the left side and no adventitious sounds; decreased tactile fremitus on the left side. Based on the history and physical examination findings, what is the most likely diagnosis?

Answers

Answer 1
Answer:

Answer:

Collapsed Lung (Pneumothorax)

Explanation:

"A pneumothorax is a collection of free air in the chest outside the lung that causes the lung to collapse.

[...]In some instances, the lung continues to leak air into the chest cavity and results in compression of the chest structures, including vessels that return blood to the heart. This is referred to as a tension pneumothorax and can be fatal if not treated immediately.

Examination of the chest with a stethoscope reveals decreased or absent breath sounds over the affected lung. The diagnosis is confirmed by chest X-ray."

Reference: George Schiffman. “Pneumothorax (Collapsed Lung): Symptoms, Causes & Treatment.” RxList, 2019


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The patients states that she had a heart attack 2 years ago What medical term would you document in her PMHx? HINT: expand the abbreviation !

Answers

Answer:

(MI) Myocardial Infarction

Explanation:

Myocardial infarction (MI, heart attack) is produced when the velocity of blood flow decreases in the heart, which can lead to injury of the heart muscle. The symptoms of a heart attack include pressure, tightness or pain in the chest, shortness of breath, anxiety, nausea and vomiting.  MI can be prevented by healthy life habits such as plenty of sleep, healthy food habits, and regular exercise. A heart attack should be treated immediately by angioplasty, which is a medical procedure to unblock the arteries that transport blood to the heart.

Final answer:

In medical terminology, a 'heart attack' is referred to as a 'Myocardial Infarction'. It results from a lack of blood flow and oxygen to a part of the heart, causing death of cardiac muscle cells. The main cause is the blockage of a coronary artery due to a buildup of atherosclerotic plaque.

Explanation:

The medical term that you would document in the patient's PMHx (Past Medical History) in reference to her heart attack 2 years ago is 'Myocardial Infarction'. This is the medical term often referred to as a heart attack. A Myocardial Infarction (MI) typically results from a lack of blood flow, known as ischemia, and oxygen, known as hypoxia, to an area of the heart, which leads to the death of cardiac muscle cells. The most common cause of an MI is the blockage of a coronary artery due to a buildup of substances which forms atherosclerotic plaque, such as lipids and cholesterol.

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What do the physical features of the Great Plains and the Gulf Coastal Plain have in common?

Answers

Answer:

Both have cold winters.

Explanation:

Describe the process of emulsification. Name the substance which performs this job. Name the organ that synthesizes this substance. Name the organ which stores and concentrates this substance. How does this substance get into the duodenum of the small intestine? g

Answers

Answer:

Emulsification is a process where two liquids that do not mix are mixed, in digestion, it is the breaking down of fat globules in the duodenum into tiny droplets

Explanation:

The substance which performs emulsification is called bile

Bile is synthesized in the liver

Bile is stored and concentrated in the gallbladder

Once bile has been synthesized, it moves out of the liver through the hepatic ducts, the ducts (left and right) join to form the common hepatic duct which joins the duct from the gallbladder called the cystic duct. This bile duct enters the small intestine through a sphinter (Oddi) below the stomach.

The signs and symptoms of Cushing's syndrome result from hypersecretion of ____________

Answers

Answer:

Adrenocorticotropin hormone.

Explanation:

Adrenocorticotropin is a peptide hormone that are mainly released during the stress response of the body. This hormone is released by the anterior pituitary lobe of the brain.

The hypersecretion of adrenocorticotropin hormone can cause the sign's and symptoms of Cushing's syndrome. Cushing's syndrome is the pituitary tumor of the adrenocorticotropin hormone.

Thus, the answer is adrenocorticotropin hormone.

18) If heart rate is decreasing, what portions of the nervous system are being activated? Highlight allthat apply.
Afferent division
Somatic nervous system
Sympathetic nervous system
Efferent division
Autonomic nervous system
Parasympathetic nervous system

Answers

Answer:

Autonomic nervous system

parasympatheic nervous system

Final answer:

When the heart rate decreases, the parasympathetic and autonomic nervous systems are activated.

Explanation:

When the heart rate decreases, the portions of the nervous system that are activated include the parasympathetic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system. The parasympathetic nervous system is responsible for rest and digest activities, and it slows down the heart rate. The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary body functions, including heart rate, and it consists of both the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.

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A patients pulse oximetry reading is 92%. What is the bestmethod of oxygen administration for this patient?

Answers

Answer:

A low flow oxygen supply

Explanation:

92% is the threshold for hypoxia, meaning that below 92% a person may need Oxygen supply. Depending of each patient's level of saturation, there are different types of devices and pressures, the lower the Oxygen concentration the more the pressure needed, for 92% a patient may require a low pressure system, such as nasal cannula for supply from 24 to 40% of Oxygen concentration. The second option is a face mask, which provides  between 28% and 50%.