Answer:
The mutation in the sperm cell could be passed on to offspring, while the skin cell mutation could only affect the individual.
Explanation:
There are two types of mutations: germline mutations (which affect the ovules or sperm), and somatic mutations (they occur in certain cells, for example, in the skin). Each one is defined below:
-Germinal mutations are inherited from a parent and are present throughout life in each cell of the body. These mutations are located in the ovules or sperm of the parents and are transmitted as inherited mutations.
-Somatic mutations can occur at any given time and only in certain cells. These mutations may be due to, for example, environmental factors, such as radiation from the sun, in this case affecting skin cells. These types of acquired mutations are not transmitted to the next generation.
The last universal common ancestor (LUCA) is the most recent organism from which all organisms on Earth descended. While it is challenging to definitively determine the specific characteristics of LUCA, scientists have proposed certain properties that it likely possessed based on evolutionary and genetic evidence. Let's analyze each property mentioned in the question:
1. Simple cellular structure:
- LUCA is believed to have had a simple cellular structure. This means it likely had basic cellular components, such as a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and possibly some form of genetic material.
2. Anaerobic metabolism:
- LUCA is thought to have relied on anaerobic metabolism, which means it obtained energy from sources other than oxygen. This is because molecular oxygen was not abundant in the early Earth's atmosphere when LUCA is believed to have existed.
3. Prokaryotic cell type:
- It is widely accepted that LUCA was a prokaryote, meaning it had cells lacking a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles. Prokaryotes are considered the most ancient type of cells on Earth.
4. Extremophile characteristics:
- While it is difficult to determine the specific environmental conditions in which LUCA lived, some scientists propose that it could have been an extremophile, capable of surviving in extreme environments like high temperatures, high salinity, or acidic conditions. However, this is still a topic of scientific debate and further research is needed.
5. Heterotrophic nutritional strategy:
- LUCA is believed to have been heterotrophic, meaning it obtained nutrients by consuming organic compounds produced by other organisms. This is in contrast to autotrophs, which can produce their own food through processes like photosynthesis.
In conclusion, based on current scientific understanding, LUCA is likely to have possessed the properties of a simple cellular structure, anaerobic metabolism, prokaryotic cell type, and a heterotrophic nutritional strategy. The presence of extremophile characteristics is still a subject of ongoing research and scientific investigation.
I hope this explanation clarifies the properties that LUCA is believed to have had. Let me know if you have any further questions.
b. from microorganisms that live in soil
c. from carbon dioxide in the atmosphere
d. from animals that feed on the plants
The answer is C: From carbon dioxide in the atmosphere! It's because when we breathe in the oxygen that the plants produce we breathe out carbon dioxide and the plants kinda do the same thing just instead of breathing in oxygen they breathe in carbon dioxide and breathe out oxygen!
Answer:
the tail regrows at a rate of 5/8 inches per week.
The tail of a lizard is growing at a rate of 0.625 inches per week. This is calculated by dividing the total length the tail has regrown (3.75 inches) by the total time it took to grow (6 weeks).
The question is about the growth rate of a lizard's tail. We are told that after 6 weeks, the tail has regrown to 3 3/4 inches. So the question basically requires simple division to find out the rate at which the tail grows. The problem is solved as follows:
First, we convert 3 3/4 to a decimal to make it easier, which is 3.75 inches.
Then, we divide the length of the tail (3.75 inches) by the time it took to grow (6 weeks). This gives us the growth rate per week.
So, 3.75 ÷ 6 = 0.625. Therefore, the lizard's tail grows back at a rate of 0.625 inches per week.
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Which of what makes up vascular tissue
The answer is: phloem.