Both organisms benefit from a relationship
One organism feeds off another, making it weak or killing it
Both organisms are hurt from a relationship
b. hydrogen bonds within molecules are broken.
c. hydrogen bonds are broken and proteins are permanently denatured.
d. hydrogen bonds are broken, proteins are denatured, and membranes become too fluid.
Answer:
The correct answer is option d, that is, hydrogen bonds are broken, proteins are denatured, and membranes become too fluid.
Explanation:
The maximum growth temperature refers to the highest temperature at which growth can take place. Let us take an example of bacteria, it is found that each bacterial species possess a requirement of specific growth temperature, which is mainly determined by the requirement of the temperature of its enzymes. Each of the organism exhibits an optimum growth temperature, a minimum growth temperature, and a maximum growth temperature.
When for an organism, the temperature goes more than its maximum growth than it results in the dissociation of the hydrogen bonds, denaturation of the proteins, and even the membranes become too fluid. This can even result in the death of the species. However, there are some of the organisms, which can thrive high temperatures known as thermoduric organisms, but they fail to grow effectively at such temperatures.
Exceeding the maximum growth temperature of an organism can lead to the breaking of hydrogen bonds, denaturation of proteins and the over-fluidization of cell membranes.
At temperatures higher than the maximum growth temperature for an organism, d. hydrogen bonds are broken, proteins are denatured, and membranes become too fluid. When the temperature exceeds the maximum threshold for an organism, this exerts stress on the cell causing various biological consequences. For instance, hydrogen bonds within molecules can get disrupted, which can lead to protein denaturation. This means that the proteins lose their functional 3-dimensional shape, a process that can sometimes be irreversible. Moreover, excessive heat can increase the fluidity of cellular membranes to an extent such that they cannot function properly anymore, making the cell unviable.
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c. Amniotic eggs
b. Wings
d. Feathers
Answer:
The answer is a "fad"
hope this helps (:
Due to their characteristics, large bodies of water have a great influence on climate. By absorbing and releasing heat, they regulate temperature, resulting in milder conditions closer to the coast.
Through wind and ocean currents, heat is redistributed, causing warming or cooling of nearby regions. Bodies of water evaporating into the atmosphere add moisture to the air, leading to cloud formation and increased precipitation.
Due to oceanic influence, the coastal places get frequent weather with low temperature extremes. Large stores of water can also influence global phenomena such as the El Niño–Southern Oscillation, which affects global weather patterns. The exact effects vary according to factors such as proximity, size, ocean currents, prevailing winds, and regional geography. Large-scale water bodies are fundamental in determining regional and global climate trends.
Learn more about water bodies, here:
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