Two oxygen atoms form a stable molecule by sharing two pairs of electrons, forming a double covalent bond. This is an important process for achieving the required octet electron configuration for both oxygen atoms.
When two oxygen atoms combine to form a molecule, the type of bond they form is a double covalent bond. An atom of oxygen has six electrons in its valence shell and it requires two more to achieve stability, hence, the oxygen atom achieves this equilibrium by sharing two pairs of electrons forming a double covalent bond. This is similar to the example of hydrogens and an oxygen atom sharing electrons to form a water molecule, where covalent bonds are also present.
The creation of a double bond occurs as these atoms share more than one pair of electrons to attain the required octet configuration. This could also be seen in bonds formed between carbon and oxygen atoms in formaldehyde (CH₂O), or between carbon atoms in ethene (C₂H4).
The covalent bond formed between these two oxygen atoms is, therefore, a key component for them to form a stable molecule.
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B. the direction of its orbit
C. the stability of its orbit
The concentration pertains to the molarity of the solution with an equation of mol of solution per liter of solvent.
M (molarity) = moles of solute/L of solvent
M (molarity) = 0.5 mol NaOH / 0.5 L
M (molarity) = 1 M NaOH