Answer: In the wetland, nitrates are absorbed by plants or converted (through an anaerobic process called denitrification) to nitrogen gas and lost to the atmosphere. Nitrate-N is efficiently removed from wetland surface waters by aquatic plants. Ammonium-N enters wetlands primarily through surface runoff.
Nitrogen pollution in wetlands is processed through the nitrogen cycle involving ammonification, nitrification, and denitrification, conducted by various bacteria and fungi. These processes recycle nitrogenous waste and send it back to the atmosphere, the ocean floor, or the terrestrial food web as organic nitrogen.
Nitrogen pollution, resultant from human activities like burning of fossil fuels and use of artificial fertilizers, can be processed by wetlands through a biological process known as the nitrogen cycle. The cycle involves three steps: ammonification, nitrification, and denitrification. In the ammonification process, nitrogenous waste is converted into ammonia (NH3) by bacteria and fungi. This ammonia is then oxidized to nitrite (NO₂), and then to nitrate (NO3) in the nitrification process by soil bacteria such as Nitrosomonas. Finally, in the process of denitrification, soil bacteria like Pseudomonas and Clostridium, convert nitrate into nitrogen gas that reenters the atmosphere. Some of this nitrogen also settles into the ocean floor as sediment and becomes incorporated into terrestrial rock. Nitrogen thus processed by the wetland becomes the organic nitrogen required by the terrestrial food web.
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A.
Variation in gene pool
B.
Lack of mutations
C.
Absence of natural selection
Answer:
deforestation of rain forest harms other ecosystems
Explanation:
Apex
B) Each element in the periodic table has a different number of valence electrons.
C) Valence electrons may be lost or gained by an atom when bonding occurs with another atom
D) When atoms collide with other atoms, they bond automatically
Answer: Option (C) is the correct answer.
Explanation:
Electrons present in the outermost shell of an atom are known as valence electrons.
For example, atomic number of calcium is 20 and its electronic configuration is 2, 8, 8, 2. This means that there are 2 valence electrons in a calcium atom.
These valence electrons can be lost or gained by an atom according to the octet rule and ability to gain stability.
Hence, we can conclude that the statement valence electrons may be lost or gained by an atom when bonding occurs with another atom, is True for valence electrons.
Valence electrons may be lost or gained by an atom when bonding occurs with another atom. The correct option is C.
Valence electrons are the electrons in the outermost energy level, also known as the valence shell, of an atom. These electrons are involved in the bonding behavior of atoms, determining how they interact with other atoms to form chemical compounds.
When atoms come into contact and form chemical bonds, valence electrons can be shared, transferred, or rearranged between the atoms.
This process occurs to achieve a more stable electron configuration for each atom involved.
In some cases, atoms may lose valence electrons to become positively charged ions.
This occurs when an atom has fewer valence electrons than the stable, full outer electron shell configuration. These positively charged ions are called cations.
Thus, the correct option is C.
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