Answer:
Congress
Explanation:
While all federal courts were eventually established by Congress, the Supreme Court was established during the 1787 Constitutional Convention. The idea of having a separate branch of government for dealing with judicial matters was very innovative. The framers initially only drafted general guidelines for the establishment of this court. They asked for the creation of a single "Supreme Court," and established that all lower courts were to be created by Congress from time to time.
Answer: True!
Explanation:
b. reforms supported by the Progressive movement to make the government more democratic
c. constitutional amendments proposed by Republicans to make elections more fair
d. laws supported by Democrats to expand voting rights to the poor and minorities
Answer: Reforms supported by the Progressive movement to make the government more dramatic
b. division of authority among law enforcement agencies
c. division of military powers among branches of the armed forces
d. division of political power among branches of government
Answer: d. division of political power among branches of government.
Context/detail:
The "Separation of Powers" principle was an idea embedded into the plans for American government by our founding fathers, based on their reading of Enlightenment political theory. The terminology "separation of powers" was introduced by Charles-Louis de Secondat, the Baron of Montesquieu. (Usually he's referred to as just "Montesquieu.") He wrote an important work of political theory called The Spirit of the Laws, published in 1748.
Within his treatment of how governments will function best, Montesquieu argued that executive, legislative, and judicial functions of government ought to be divided between parts of the government, so that no one person or division of the government can infringe on the overall rights of others in the government or of the members of the society overall.