The main difference between the pulmonary and systemic circulation is in where the blood goes.
In pulmonary circulation, blood is carried to and from the lungs, where it comes in contact with the oxygen-exchange surfaces of the lungs. On the other hand in systemic circulation blood runs to and from the cells in the rest of the body.
Another difference is that in regard to the pulmonary circulation, blood that has completed the pulmonary circuit is rich in oxygen while in systemic circulation, blood that has completed the systemic circuit has been depleted of oxygen
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The cardiovascular system has two distinct routes: the pulmonary circulation and the systemic circulation.
The flow of blood between the heart and the lungs is the center of the pulmonary circulation. The pulmonary arteries carry deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs. The process of oxygen absorption and carbon dioxide emission in the lungs creates oxygenated blood. After returning to the heart via the pulmonary veins, oxygenated blood enters the left atrium before being pumped to the rest of the body.
On the other hand, systemic circulation involves the transfer of oxygenated blood throughout the body. Oxygenated blood from the pulmonary circulation enters the left atrium, which contracts to pump it into the left ventricle. The left ventricle continues from there. , The oxygenated blood is then pumped from the lungs by the left ventricle into the aorta, where it splits into smaller arterioles and arterioles before reaching the capillaries.
Waste products such as carbon dioxide collect in the capillaries, where oxygen and nutrients are exchanged with the body's cells. To restart the pulmonary circulation process, the deoxygenated blood is returned to the heart by the veins, and is collected in the veins along the way.
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EUTOBALS
False. A fetus is not unaffected by its mother's use of tobacco.
When a pregnant woman smokes, the harmful chemicals from tobacco, including nicotine and carbon monoxide, are transferred to the fetus through the placenta. This can have serious negative effects on the developing baby.
Smoking during pregnancy has been linked to various health risks and complications for both the mother and the baby. It increases the risk of preterm birth, low birth weight, stillbirth, and infant mortality. Smoking during pregnancy is also associated with developmental issues, including impaired lung function, increased risk of respiratory infections, and long-term health problems such as asthma and learning disabilities.
Nicotine, the addictive substance in tobacco, constricts blood vessels and reduces blood flow to the fetus, which can hinder the delivery of oxygen and nutrients needed for proper growth and development. Carbon monoxide, on the other hand, reduces the amount of oxygen in the blood, further compromising the oxygen supply to the fetus.
Additionally, exposure to secondhand smoke can also be harmful to the fetus. Pregnant women who are exposed to secondhand smoke are at an increased risk of complications and adverse outcomes similar to those associated with active smoking.
To protect the health of both the mother and the fetus, it is strongly recommended that pregnant women avoid tobacco use and exposure to secondhand smoke. Seeking support to quit smoking and creating a smoke-free environment is essential for a healthy pregnancy and the well-being of the baby.
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