Answer: According to natural law, all people are equal and have the same right to life, freedom and property.
Explanation: John Locke was an English philosopher from the time of the Enlightenment and as such advocated that according to natural law, all people have the same rights, unlike the Church's teaching that all people under God's law are subordinated to a single absolute or dogma. He advocated the thesis that according to natural law all people have the right to influence the formation of a government, and that some of their rights are transferred to the government, as some kind of social contract. In this way, they create a legitimate political government that can be controlled under a social contract, in order to ensure stable conditions for their lives.
John Locke believed humans had essential freedoms in the state of nature and that a state structure, established through a social contract, was needed to safeguard these rights. His work influenced the ideology of popular sovereignty, suggesting the government exists by the consent of people and has a duty to protect their rights. If the government fails, the contract is broken, and people have the right to form another government.
The English philosopher John Locke proposed theories on human nature and the role of government that have been influential in political thought. Locke believed in the state of nature, humans had essential freedoms, including life, health, liberty, and possessions, and it was the role of the state, established through a social contract, to protect these rights. Any disputes that arose could potentially lead to violence which could be curbed only by the presence of a state structure.
Locke presented his ideas in his work 'Two Treatises of Government', where he notably proposed that all people are born free and it is the government that exists by their consent, a principle known as popular sovereignty. In his view, if the government fails to protect the rights of the people and abuses its power, the social contract is broken, and the people have the right to form another government for their protection, a concept that greatly influenced the British settlers of North America.
Locke's notion of the state of nature and natural rights implied that humans, using their rationality bestowed by God, could determine moral laws obligatory for all. These laws included respect for others and recognition of individual liberty. He maintained that humans were naturally free and equal and no one person had more power or right to rule than another. In essence, Locke’s works highlight humans' inherent rights and the true nature and purpose of governments based on consent and justice.
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A group that controlled Saint-Domingue's government before the Haitian Revolution were French aristocrats. Thus, option (d) is correct.
As representatives of the French government, they were the colony's governing class and exercised control over it. The majority of the population, who were African slaves, were enslaved and had no political power.
Before the revolution, the affranchise, or free people of colour, likewise lacked major political influence. The power balance changed during the revolution, which eventually resulted in Haiti's independence in 1804.
As a result, the significance of the groups controlled Saint-Domingue's government before the Haitian Revolution are the aforementioned. Therefore, option (d) is correct.
Learn more about on Haitian Revolution, here:
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Your question is incomplete, but most probably the full question was.
Which of the following groups controlled Saint-Domingue's government before the Haitian Revolution?
A. Poor whites
B. Affranchise
C. African slaves
D. French aristocrats
The correct option is D) a Separatist.
The group that would have most likely spoken the statement above is a separatist.
In the 16th and 17th century, the terms Separatist meant that people wanted to separate from the church of England to form other churches that were independent. The English Protestants of that time grew tired of the corruption they saw in the church of England. That is why on the passage we read that "the only way we can practice pure religion, based on the Bible's Sermons, is to break away from the church..."
The other options of the question were a) Catholic, b) Protestant, and c) Puritan.