Answer : The elements include in group 5A are, Nitrogen, phosphorous, arsenic, antimony and bismuth.
Explanation :
According to the modern periodic table, the group 5A is known as group 15. And it is also known as nitrogen family.
The elements present in group 5A are, nitrogen (N), phosphorous (P), arsenic(As), antimony(Sb) and bismuth (Bi).
The general electronic configuration of group 5A elements is,
The number of valance electrons present in group 5A elements are, 5
Hence, the elements include in group 5A are, Nitrogen, phosphorous, arsenic, antimony and bismuth.
Group 5A, also called Group 15 in the modern IUPAC system, contains the elements Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Arsenic, Antimony, Bismuth, and the synthetic element Moscovium. Each of these elements has a p3 configuration in their valence shell.
The elements present in Group 5A (Group 15 in IUPAC system) are known as the pnictogens. This group includes Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P), Arsenic (As), Antimony (Sb), Bismuth (Bi) and the unconfirmed synthetic element Moscovium (Mc). These elements, each with a p3 configuration in their valence shell, form compounds with a wide range of properties and uses.
Nitrogen is a common gas in the Earth's atmosphere, deeply involved in biological processes. Phosphorus is key in DNA and energy processes in living beings. Arsenic, Antimony, and Bismuth are metalloids used in various industrial applications. Moscovium is a synthetic element not found naturally and its properties are being studied.
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(2) CCl4 (4) H2
represents a nonpolar molecule containing polar covalent bonds.
Further Explanation:
The chemical bond is the attraction between atoms, molecules or ions that is responsible for the formation of chemical compounds. It is formed either due to electrostatic forces or by the sharing of electrons.
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A covalent bond is a bond formed by the mutual sharing of electrons between the bonded atoms. It is also known as a molecular bond. Such bonds usually exist between two or more non-metals.
Types of covalent bonds:
1. Polar covalent bond
This bond results from the presence of electronegativity difference between the bonded atoms. For example, the bond between hydrogen and chlorine in HCl is a polar covalent bond. In this molecule, Cl is more electronegative than H.
2. Non-polar covalent bond
When there is no or very small electronegativity difference between the bonded atoms, non-polar covalent bond is formed. Here, the net dipole moment of the molecule comes out to be zero. For example, bond between carbon and hydrogen in is a non-polar covalent bond.
3. Coordinate covalent bond
When both the shared electrons are provided by the same atom, coordinate covalent bond is formed. This usually exists when metals are bonded with ligands. For example, the bond formed between cobalt and ammonia in case of hexamminecobalt (III) chloride is a coordinate covalent bond.
(1)
Oxygen is more electronegative than carbon so the bond between O and H is polar covalent bond. But this molecule has some net dipole moment due to its asymmetry so water molecule is a polar molecule. Therefore this option is incorrect. (For structure, refer to the attached image).
(2)
Chlorine is more electronegative than carbon so the bond between C and Cl is a polar bond. But the net dipole moment of this molecule comes out to be zero. So is a nonpolar molecule with polar covalent bonds and therefore this option is correct. (For structure, refer to the attached image).
(3)
Nitrogen is more electronegative than hydrogen so the bond between N and H is polar covalent bond. But this molecule has some net dipole moment due to its asymmetry so ammonia molecule is a polar molecule. Therefore this option is incorrect. (For structure, refer to the attached image).
(4)
It contains two hydrogen atoms in it. There is no electronegativity difference between both atoms and therefore this molecule is nonpolar in nature. Moreover the bond between two hydrogen atoms is also non-polar. Therefore this option is incorrect. (For structure, refer to the attached image).
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Answer details:
Grade: High School
Subject: Chemistry
Chapter: Ionic and covalent compounds
Keywords: polar, nonpolar, correct, incorrect, H2, CCl4, H2O, NH3, electronegativity difference, hydrogen atoms, asymmetry, dipole moment.
a. the sun, moon at perigee, and Earth forming a triangle
b. the sun, moon at apogee, and Earth forming a triangle
c. the new moon at apogee coming between Earth and the sun along a straight line
d. the new moon at perigee coming between Earth and the sun along a straight line
Answer:
d. the new moon at perigee coming between Earth and the sun along a straight line
Explanation:
Solar eclipse occurs when moon comes in between sun and Earth and the three align in a straight line. The moon blocks the sunlight falling on the earth. The earth passes through the shadow of the moon.This phase of moon is New moon.
A total eclipse is said to occur when the disc of moon complete covers the disc of sun. This happens when moon is at closest position to earth in it orbit that is at perigee.
Both ionic and covalent bonds can be used to characterize the bonds in the molecule MgSO₄.
Magnesium sulfate, or MgSO₄, has ionic and covalent bonds throughout its structure.
Magnesium (Mg) and oxygen (O) form a mainly ionic connection in MgSO₄. Easily donating two valence electrons to oxygen, magnesium forms the ions Mg₂⁺ and SO₄²⁻. The metal (Mg) and the non-metal (O) in this ionic connection are both metals.
The bonds between sulfur (S) and oxygen (O), on the other hand, are covalent. Sulfur and oxygen share electrons to form covalent bonds in the sulfate (SO₄) ion. Two non-metal atoms (S and O) share electrons through this covalent connection.
Option C is the right response since MgSO₄ possesses both ionic and covalent bonds as a result.
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Answer:
Decrease order of speed of atoms in solid state, liquid state and gaseous states: gas > liquid> solid
Decreasing order of space of atoms in solid state, liquid state and gaseous states: gas > liquid> solid
Explanation:
Solid state : In this state, the particles are closely packed and does not have any space between them. They have least kinetic energy due to restricted movement. This state has a definite shape and volume.
Liquid state : In this state, particles are present in random and irregular pattern. The particles are closely arranged but they can move from one place to another and thus have higher kinetic energy as compared to solids. This state has a definite volume but does not have a fixed shape.
Gaseous state : In this state, particles are loosely arranged and have a lot of space between them. They have highest kinetic energy. This state has indefinite volume as well as shape.
Decrease order of speed of atoms in solid state, liquid state and gaseous states: gas > liquid> solid
Decreasing order of space of atoms in solid state, liquid state and gaseous states: gas > liquid> solid