The structures carrying out life functions within cells include organelles such as the mitochondria, peroxisomes, a cytoskeleton composed of microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules, the nucleus, and components of the endomembrane system.
The structures that carry out life functions within cells are often referred to as organelles. Among them, we find the mitochondria and peroxisomes which are essential for the cell's energy and detoxification processes. Mitochondria, through biochemical reactions, transform energy-carrying molecules into ATP - the cell's primary form of energy. Peroxisomes, on the other hand, detoxify harmful substances into harmless ones.
Moreover, cells possess a supportive framework, referred to as the cytoskeleton, made up of microfilaments, intermediate filaments, and microtubules. These all play unique functions, including providing a track for material transport within the cell.
In addition to these, the nucleus serves as the cell's command center, housing its DNA and controlling all cell functions. Last, but not least, we encounter the endomembrane system (including the ER and Golgi apparatus) and the cytoplasm - all essential for the cell's protein synthesis and transportation, and maintaining the cell's health and activity.
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Answer:
This question lacks options, the options are:
A. Halved
B. Doubled (x2)
C. Quadrupled (x4)
D. Octupled (x8)
The answer is B.
Explanation:
Via the process of meiosis, gametes are formed in order for sexual reproduction to occur. However, the chromosomal content of the gametes are reduced by half. According to this question, a germ cell is said to have 2 sets of chromosomes i.e. diploid, meaning that each daughter cell after meiosis will have one set of chromosome (haploid, n).
However, before any form of division can occur, the DNA (genetic material) of the cell must be replicated i.e. doubled in order to ensure that each resulting gamete has enough chromosomes. This is applicable in this question as well as the DNA in the germ cell must be DOUBLED (×2) via replication in order to have enough DNA for each gamete.
The germ cell, or diploid cell, duplicates its DNA to create haploid cells (gametes) with one set of chromosomes each. This process of duplication is part of meiosis, ensuring that offspring receives the correct number of chromosomes from each parent.
The germ cell, a type of diploid cell, contains two sets of chromosomes. Each gamete, typically described as haploid cells, needs to have one set of chromosomes. To have enough DNA for each gamete, the DNA in the germ cell must be duplicated, which is a part of the process of meiosis.
This process of meiosis helps reduce the number of chromosome sets in each cell so that when two gametes (like a sperm cell and an egg cell) combine during fertilization, they can create a new diploid cell with two sets of chromosomes - one from each parent. If meiosis didn't occur, the resulting cells would have too many chromosomes, which is not sustainable for life.
Most animals and plants are diploid, meaning they have two sets of chromosomes in their body cells or somatic cells. However, gametes, the reproductive cells, are haploid and carry just one set. This ensures that upon fertilization, the embryo will have the correct number of chromosomes.
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The large floating regions of trash where plastics outnumber marine organisms several times over are located in the five main gyre systemsof the world's oceans.
Firstly, these large floating regions of trash are commonly referred to as "garbage patches" or "trash islands". They are primarily located in five main areas of the world's oceans: the North Atlantic Gyre, the South Atlantic Gyre, the North Pacific Gyre, the South Pacific Gyre, and the Indian Ocean Gyre. These gyres are large systems of rotating ocean currents that help to gather and concentrate the trash.
One of the most well-known of these is the Great Pacific Garbage Patch, located in the North Pacific Gyre. This garbage patch alone is estimated to be twice the size of Texas and has an extremely high concentration of plastics and other debris, which indeed outnumber marine organisms several times over.
These garbage patches are a significant environmental concern because the plastics within them can take hundreds of years to decompose. During this time, they can harm marine life and even enter the food chain, causing problems for both wildlife and humans.
In conclusion, the large floating regions of trash where plastics outnumber marine organisms several times over are located in the five main gyre systems of the world's oceans. These areas represent significant challenges for environmental conservation and require urgent attention to reduce further harm to our marine ecosystems.
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The kidneys are the filtering devices of blood. The kidneys remove waste products from metabolism such as urea, uric acid, and creatinine by producing and secreting urine. Urine may also contain sulfate and phenol waste and excess sodium, potassium, and chloride ions. The kidneys help maintain homeostasis by regulating the concentration and volume of body fluids. For example, the amount of H+ and HCO3 - secreted by the kidneys controls the body's pH.
Answer:
c. possess a nucleus.
Explanation:
A eukaryotic cell may be unicellular or multicellular. Each cell possesses a well-defined or definite nucleus. Beside nucleus, each eukaryotic cell also has membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria, chloroplasts, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum. Ribosomes, a cell membrane, cytoplasm and DNA are present in all the prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.