(1) releases energy
(2) digests fats
(3) synthesizes carbohydrate molecules
(4) alters the genetic traits of the cell
glucose
DNA
ATP
Answer:
ATP
Explanation:
it's the largest supplier of energy to cells. It is used by the cells to complete various biochemical process, such as muscle contraction or sugar metabolism process
Answer:
The organelle responsible for converting energy from food into a form the cell can use is the mitochondrion.
The organelle responsible for converting energy from food into a form the cell can use is the mitochondrion.
Mitochondria are often referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell because they produce the energy currency of the cell, called adenosine triphosphate (ATP). This process is called cellular respiration.
Here's how the mitochondria convert energy from food into ATP:
1. The process starts in the cytoplasm of the cell, where glucose molecules are broken down through a process called glycolysis. This step produces a small amount of ATP.
2. The remaining breakdown products from glycolysis are transported into the mitochondria.
3. Inside the mitochondria, these products undergo further breakdown through a series of chemical reactions in a process called the Krebs cycle, also known as the citric acid cycle. This step releases carbon dioxide and transfers energy-rich electrons to carrier molecules.
4. The carrier molecules transfer the electrons to the electron transport chain, located in the inner membrane of the mitochondria. This chain consists of a series of protein complexes that pass the electrons along, releasing energy in the process.
5. As the electrons move through the electron transport chain, the energy released is used to pump protons (hydrogen ions) from the inner compartment of the mitochondria to the outer compartment, creating an electrochemical gradient.
6. The electrochemical gradient drives the synthesis of ATP through a process called oxidative phosphorylation. ATP synthase, an enzyme embedded in the inner membrane, uses the energy from the electrochemical gradient to convert adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and inorganic phosphate (Pi) into ATP.
Overall, the mitochondria play a crucial role in converting the energy stored in food molecules into ATP, which the cell can then use for various cellular processes.
b. the digestion of vitamins
c. the elimination of enzymes
d. the breakdown of carbohydrates
The pancreas plays a critical role in the breakdown of carbohydrates. Therefore, option (D) is correct.
Carbohydratebreakdown requires the pancreas. Behind the stomach is a crucial organ. It produces and secretes digestive enzymes, including amylase, which breaks down carbs into sugars. Carbohydrate breakdown is vital for nutrition intake and energy production.
The pancreas releases amylase into the small intestine after eating carbs. Amylase hydrolyzes complex carbohydrates like starches into glucose. Simple sugars are easily absorbed into the bloodstream and delivered to cells for energy production.
Carbohydrate malabsorption, malnutrition, weight loss, and blood sugar abnormalities can result from pancreatic amylase malfunction. Therefore, option (D) is correct..
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