Symbiosis is when two organisms live together. They form a relationship that lasts over time. There are three types of relationships. They are parasitism, commensalism, and mutualism.
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The last universal common ancestor (LUCA) is the most recent organism from which all organisms on Earth descended. While it is challenging to definitively determine the specific characteristics of LUCA, scientists have proposed certain properties that it likely possessed based on evolutionary and genetic evidence. Let's analyze each property mentioned in the question:
1. Simple cellular structure:
- LUCA is believed to have had a simple cellular structure. This means it likely had basic cellular components, such as a cell membrane, cytoplasm, and possibly some form of genetic material.
2. Anaerobic metabolism:
- LUCA is thought to have relied on anaerobic metabolism, which means it obtained energy from sources other than oxygen. This is because molecular oxygen was not abundant in the early Earth's atmosphere when LUCA is believed to have existed.
3. Prokaryotic cell type:
- It is widely accepted that LUCA was a prokaryote, meaning it had cells lacking a nucleus or other membrane-bound organelles. Prokaryotes are considered the most ancient type of cells on Earth.
4. Extremophile characteristics:
- While it is difficult to determine the specific environmental conditions in which LUCA lived, some scientists propose that it could have been an extremophile, capable of surviving in extreme environments like high temperatures, high salinity, or acidic conditions. However, this is still a topic of scientific debate and further research is needed.
5. Heterotrophic nutritional strategy:
- LUCA is believed to have been heterotrophic, meaning it obtained nutrients by consuming organic compounds produced by other organisms. This is in contrast to autotrophs, which can produce their own food through processes like photosynthesis.
In conclusion, based on current scientific understanding, LUCA is likely to have possessed the properties of a simple cellular structure, anaerobic metabolism, prokaryotic cell type, and a heterotrophic nutritional strategy. The presence of extremophile characteristics is still a subject of ongoing research and scientific investigation.
I hope this explanation clarifies the properties that LUCA is believed to have had. Let me know if you have any further questions.
According to the CDC, tooth decayaffects more than one-fourth of U.S. children aged 2 to 5.Tooth decay is thedamage of the structure of the tooth which is caused by acids that are producedwhen sugar is being broken down by plaque bacteria in the mouth. Tooth decay is the primary cause of tooth loss in children in the UnitedStates.
Answer:
False
Explanation:
The eye spot instead creates a disguise and used to misdirect predators. The eyespots are a defense mechanism for the organism. Scientists have tested this by painting eye spots on a gake prey and a fish was used a s the predator. The predator was discovered to have attacked the fake eyespots more often as it thought it was the prey's head.
Eyespots on a prey can also make the predator to think that it is facing a larger animal. An example is the butterfly which have large false eyes on its wings.