How are specific features and traits passed on from one generation of living organisms to their offspring? Options: a) Through a process called natural selection. b) Through the exchange of genetic material. c) Through the influence of the environment. d) Through acquired characteristics during an organism's lifetime.

Answer:

Transport

Explanation:

Living organisms are characterized by essential day-to-day activities which they undergo to sustain their life. One of these life processes is called TRANSPORT, which involves the circulation and absorption of nutrients.

Transportation is a life process where substances synthesized or absorbed in one part of the body are carried to other parts of the body. This life process is important in plant and animals as it leads to movement of nutrient, water, mineral, gases etc. In humans, circulatory system is responsible for this process of transportation.

The discoverers of DNA were not James D Watson and Francis Crick. They are the first scientist to formulate an accurate description of the DNA’s (deoxyribonucleic acid) complex , double-helical structure. They discovered that base pairing nucleotides must be; adenine and thymine; and cytosine and guanine. These base pairs are held together by a hydrogen bond, atype of chemical reaction that s easy to break and easy to reform. The statement is “DNA is a double helix made of two strands linked together with hydrogen bonds.”

The answer is: codons.

Answer:

D- a female egg cell combines with a male sperm cell to make an offspring that is different from both parents

Explanation:

Answer:

(1) Most of the species that have lived on Earth no longer exist.

Explanation:

Fossil describes the remnant or trace of animals or plants in a geologic age that is preserved in the Earth's crust. It can be studied to give a fossil record, which is an evidence of past existence of a plant or an animal.

Fossil record is the history of life of an organisms documented by fossil that has been preserved in rocks. It helps paleontologists, archaeologists, and geologists to make accurate predictions about events and species.

Scientists believe that almost 99.9% of species of different organisms that have lived on Earth are now extinct. Therefore according to fossil record, most of the species that have lived on Earth no longer exist.

Zoo is place where animals are maintained for public display.

Sanctuaries are protected regions where wild animals live in natural habitats.

zoo:. Animals are brought from different parts of the country. sanctuary:It contains animals native to that area.

zoo: It is an artificial habitat. sanctuary: It is a natural habitat.

A change in the natural sequence of bases in DNA structure is called a mutation.

• The mutations are responsible for altering the nucleotide sequence of the DNA and can be caused due to several reasons which can be physical, chemical or intrinsic factors.

• The effect of these mutations on the organisms can be positive (beneficial), negative (harmful) or neutral (no effect).

• The mutations can be broadly classified into 2 categories based on the change produced in the nucleotide sequence :

1. Pointmutation - This mutation result in the change of single nucleotide in the given DNA sequence. For e.g in a sequence AGGAATC if G changes to C the new sequence would be ACGAATC and this is called a point mutation.

2. Frameshiftmutation-This mutation refers to the alteration of the open reading frame of a sequence due to insertion or deletion of several nucleotides in a sequence for e.g if you have a sequence AAATTGG and there is a deletion of AATT  you get AGG. This is an example of a frameshift mutation.