How does natural selection produce adaptations in a species

Final answer:

Natural selection, through the principle of 'survival of the fittest,' produces adaptations in species by favoring individuals with traits that enhance survival and reproduction. Over time, these traits become more prevalent in the population, leading to adaptations. For example, a bird species may adapt to have longer beaks if this trait provides a survival advantage.

Explanation:

Natural selection is an essential process in evolution, producing adaptations in species over time. It operates on the principle of survival of the fittest, where individuals with traits that enhance survival and reproduction are more likely to pass those traits on to the next generation. As this process is repeated over many generations, these beneficial traits become more prevalent in the population, leading to adaptations.

For example, consider a population of birds that eat insects. Some birds have long beaks while others have short beaks. If long beaks are more efficient at catching insects, those birds are likely to have better nutrition, survive longer, and reproduce more.

Over time, the long beak trait will become more common in the bird population. Such a change in the population due to natural selection is an adaptation to their environment.

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