Differences between the way men and women speak are largely culturally determined, though early research suggested they were due to societal socialization. Modern research indicates the impact of linguistic determinism - the way one's languages can influence one's thoughts and perceptions. Importantly, these gendered speech patterns are not a universal biological fact, but vary across different cultures.
Various factors, predominantly cultural and social, contribute to the differences between men's and women's speech. Early research theories such as those from Robin Lakoff suggested that societal socialization resulted in women's speech being seen as uncertain, excessively polite, and full of hedges. Likewise, Deborah Tannen argued that men and women communicate differently, with men focusing more on status and women on building connections through conversation.
However, more recent studies argue against this concrete division. Janet Hyde, challenging traditional gender role-based speech patterns, conducted a comprehensive analysis which showed minimal differences in verbal skills between boys and girls. Similarly, language research on cultural aspects from Madagascar and New Guinea reveal that speech patterns associated with gender are indeed culturally relative.
Another relevant factor is the role of linguistic determinism, which suggests that the language one speaks can significantly influence one’s thoughts and perceptions. This idea was demonstrated in Lera Boroditsky's research, that native German and Spanish speakers, in which nouns are gendered, describe things differently depending on the noun's gender in their language, even when communicating in a gender-neutral language such as English.
In conclusion, while there may be some observable differences in the way men and women speak, gendered speech patterns are largely cultural and vary significantly across different societies, and they cannot be generalized or naturalized as biological phenomena.
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mixing vinegar and baking soda
roasting a marshmallow
bending a nail
antibodies
platelets
fibrin
hemoglobin
Answer:
it is platelets and fibrins.
Explanation:
The statements 'histamine binds extracellularly to the H1 receptor', 'when histamine binds to the H1 receptor, the receptor undergoes a conformation change and binds the inactive G protein', 'once the G protein is active, it binds to the enzyme phospholipase C, activating it', and 'histamine is likely hydrophilic' are TRUE.
Histamine is a molecule released during inflammatory and allergic responses.
This molecule (histamine) binds to the G-protein coupled histamine (H1) receptor. This binding triggers a conformational change in the three-dimensional (3D) shape of the G-protein coupled H1 receptor.
Subsequently, the heterodimeric G protein is activated by GTP binding. The G-protein–GTP complex then dissociates from the G-protein coupled H1 receptor and interacts with phospholipase C, thereby activating a transduction signaling pathway.
Finally, the G protein accelerates the hydrolysis of GTP to GDP and thus terminates the transduced signal.
In conclusion, the statements 'histamine binds extracellularly to the H1 receptor', 'when histamine binds to the H1 receptor, the receptor undergoes a conformation change and binds the inactive G protein', 'once the G protein is active, it binds to the enzyme phospholipase C, activating it', and 'histamine is likely hydrophilic' are TRUE.
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Answer:
-Histamine binds extracellularly to the H1 receptor.
-When histamine binds to the H1 receptor. the receptor undergoes a conformation change and binds the inactive G protein.
-Once the G protein is active, it binds to the enzyme phospholipase C, activating it.
-Histamine is likely hydrophilic.
When histamine encounters a target cell, it binds extracellularly to the H1 receptor, causing a change in the shape of the receptor. This change in shape allows the G protein to bind to the H1 receptor, causing a GTP molecule to displace a GDP molecule and activating the G protein. The active G protein dissociates from the H1 receptor and binds to the enzyme phospholipase C, activating it. The active phospholipase C triggers a cellular response. The G protein then functions as a GTPase and hydrolyzes the GTP to GDP. The G protein dissociates from the enzyme and is inactive again and ready for reuse.
Explanation:
b-telophase
c-prophase
d-interphase