The British first arrived in Tonga in the late-18th century, when Captain James Cook made three visits to the islands between 1773 and 1777.[1] Approximately fifty years later, English Wesleyan Methodist missionaries came to Tonga and began converting the islanders to Christianity.[2] In 1831, they succeeded in converting "paramount chief" Taufa'ahau Tupou,[1] who became King George Tupou I in 1845.[2] It was during this time (circa 1840s) that the first Tongan flag was adopted. It consisted of a white field with a cross (either red or blue in colour) at all four corners, and the letters "A" (in red) and "M" (in blue) at the centre that symbolise the king.[3]
Upon his accession to the throne, the king sought to design a new flag for the nation,[3] one that would represent Christianity.[4] He befriended Shirley Waldemar Baker – a member of the United Kingdom's Tongan mission who later became the Prime Minister of Tonga – and they worked together to formulate a new flag, coat of arms and national anthemfor Tonga.[2] The new design resembled the British Red Ensign, in that three-quarters of it consisted of a simple red field, with a "distinctive canton" featured in the upper hoist section; this was first used in 1866.[3] A new constitution for the kingdom was formulated and proclaimed on 4 November 1875.[2] It "codified" the new flag design,[3] and marks when it was adopted as the national flag.[4] Under Article 47 of the Constitution, this flag can "never be altered" and "shall always be the flag" of Tonga.[5]
What industry has declined in Iran because of pollution?
Based on the search results, it appears that industrial activity in Iran is a large source of pollution, and this pollution may have led to declines in certain industries.
While there is no specific industry mentioned in the search results that has declined due to pollution in Iran, it is clear that pollution is a concern in the country and may have negative effects on various industries.
Iran is heavily reliant on its oil industry, which is a major source of pollution due to the release of greenhouse gases and other pollutants. The country has also been criticized for its lack of environmental regulations and enforcement, which may exacerbate pollution problems in sectors such as manufacturing and construction.
Overall, pollution is a pressing issue in Iran that could have significant economic and environmental impacts. While it is unclear which specific industries have been affected by pollution, it is clear that steps need to be taken to address these issues and promote sustainable development in the country.
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