If human sperm and eggs were produced by mitosis instead of meiosis, they would be diploid cells, possibly resulting in a zygote with an excess of chromosomes. This imbalance could lead to nonviable offspring and developmental complications, as necessary components for early development are only present in the egg cell.
Currently, human sperm and eggs are produced by the process of
meiosis
, which results in
haploid cells
that contain half the number of chromosomes as the parent cell. If, hypothetically, sperm and eggs were produced by mitosis, they would be
diploid cells
with a full set of chromosomes similar to normal body cells. With such a change, sexual reproduction, as we understand it, could not occur, as the fertilization event would result in a zygote with four sets of chromosomes, creating a significant imbalance in genetic material. This could potentially lead to numerous complications and abnormalities in the offspring, likely making them nonviable. Additionally, critical components necessary for early development are present in the cytoplasm of the egg cell, without which, no subsequent development would occur. In conclusion, the production of sperm and egg cells via mitosis instead of meiosis would fundamentally alter human reproduction and could potentially lead to severe problems in offspring development.
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b) phylogenetic tree II
c) phylogenetic tree III
d) phylogenetic tree IV
Answer:
Your question is incomplete, but I attached the exercise with the possible phylogenetic trees and all the information that your question missed. I hope it helps you.
The most parsimoniuous phylogenetic tree is c) phylogenetic tree III
Explanation:
The most parsimonious tree is the one that takes fewer base-change events, it's the simpler one. In this case it could be tree III or tree IV. But, if we look at the genetic evidence, group 2b and 3 are nearer than 2b and 2a; group 4 and 5 are also closely related. So it is possible that the group 2b, as well as groups 3,4 and 5, diverged from group 2a. So the answer is tree III.
The most parsimonious phylogenetic tree is the one that requires the least changes in the A, C, G, T genetic sequence coding for eye growth, thereby presenting the simplest explanation of evolutionary relationships among the alien species.
The question is asking which of the four possible phylogenetic trees represents the most parsimonious, or simplest, explanation of the shared genetic sequence for eye growth among the alien species. The most parsimonious tree would be one that requires the least amount of evolutionary change in terms of the genetic sequence. This would be determined by comparing each tree and the associated genetic sequences in the way they separate the six groups of aliens and particularly how they divide the single-tail three-eye group. This should provide the simplest explanation of evolutionary relationships based on the alien's genetic code of A, C, G and T.
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Answer: Settling Basins
= E2020
• motor neurons
• sensory neurons
• spinal cord
Genetic variation determines inherited differences between individuals . Our height or eye color are inherited from our parents, but our phenotype is also affected by environment such as the food we eat (diet), drugs we take, toxins surrounding us, climate, location, culture, physical accidents and lifestyle.
A person may inherit a gene to be tall, but poor diet during childhood may cause stunted growth.
A Plant may have the potential for strong growth, but if the soil does not have sufficient minerals, the plant may hardly grow at all.