Ans.
Central dogma of molecular biology demonstrates formation of protein molecules from the information present in DNA molecules. It is a two step process, first is transcription and second is translation.
Transcription involves formation of RNA molecule from parent DNA strand. In mRNA, information is present as triplets of nucleotides, called as codons. Translation involves formation of protein from mRNA molecule. During translation, each codon codes for a specific amino acid and formation of a polypeptide chain takes place that forms protein after proper folding.
In prokaryotic organisms, both transcription ad translation take place in cytosol as nucleus is absent in their cells. In eukaryotic organisms, transcription takes place in nucleus, while , translation occurs in cytosol.
species
phyla
genera
A genus is subdivided into smaller groups called species. Therefore, option (B) is correct.
Taxonomy is the study and practice of categorizing or classifying. A taxonomy (or taxonomical classification) is a categorization scheme, especially a hierarchical classification, that organizes things into groups or kinds.
There are seven primary taxonomic ranks: kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, and species. In addition, domain, which was proposed by Carl Woese, is now commonly used as a fundamental rank, although not being listed in any of the nomenclature laws, and is synonymous with dominion.
A genus is a taxonomic rank composed of species grouped based on shared features (having similar structures or dissimilar characteristics) or evolutionary relationship. It is one of the eight major taxonomic ranks used to classify living organisms. It is subordinate to the family and superior to the species.
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