Answer:
out-of-pocket
Explanation:
In Accounting, costing is the measurement of the cost of production of goods and services by assessing the fixed costs and variable costs associated with each step of production.
Cost pool is simply the amount of money spent by a firm on a particular activity.
Generally, an activity-based costing uses numerous cost pools such as manufacturing cost or customer services and numerous cost drivers such as direct labor hours worked, number of changes used in engineering department, etc.
Generally, an out-of-pocket cost requires that an individual or business outlay their future cash-flow and it must be relevant for current and future decision making.
Answer:
Equals the increase in total benefits from consuming the unit.
Explanation:
This is defined as a maximum amount a consumer is willing to pay for an additional good or service.
It is also the additional satisfaction or utility that consumer receives when the additional good or service is purchased. The marginal benefit for a consumer tends to decreases as consumption of the good or service increases.
In the business world, the marginal benefit for producers is often referred to as marginal revenue.
Answer:
$25 billion and $15 billion
Explanation:
Given:
Social Security Administration = $10 billion
General public held = $15 billion
Computation of Total gross public debt :
Total gross public debt = Social Security Administration + General public held
Total gross public debt = $10 billion + $15 billion
Total gross public debt = $25 billion
Total gross debt held by public = $15 billion
Complete Question:
Cell One Corporation began 2018 with retained earnings of $ 260 million. Revenues during the year were $ 520 million, and expenses totaled $ 340 million. Cell One declared dividends of $ 61 million. What was the company's ending balance of retained earnings? To answer this question, prepare Cell One's statement of retained earnings for the year ended December 31, 2018, complete with its proper heading.
Answer:
Cell Corporation
Statement of Retained Earnings for the year ended December 31, 2018:
$'million
Retained Earnings, Dec. 31, 2017 260
Net Income 180
Dividends (61)
Retained Earnings, Dec. 31, 2018 379
Explanation:
a) Data and Calculations:
Beginning Retained Earnings = $260 million
Revenues during the year were $ 520 million
Expenses totaled $ 340 million
Net Income (Revenue - Expenses) $180 million
Cell One declared dividends of $ 61 million
b) Cell Corporation's Retained Earnings for the year ended December 31, 2018 is the difference between the beginning retained earnings, net income, and the amount of dividend declared during the current year. This figure gives the amount of equity that has been retained for growing the business, which is an important internal source of corporate funding.
To calculate ending retained earnings, you start with beginning retained earnings, add her company's revenue, subtract expenses, and then subtract dividends. In this hypothetical scenario, the company would end the year with an ending balance of $3 million in retained earnings.
The calculation of the ending balance of retained earnings follows a simple formula. The beginning retained earnings, plus the revenue, subtracts expenses and then dividends. In this case, there were no specific numbers provided in the question, so let's assume examples. If a company starts with retained earnings of $2 million, earns revenue of $3 million during the year, and has total expenses of $1 million, the calculation would resemble the following:
Retained Earnings
Beginning Retained Earnings = $2 million
Add: Revenue = $3 million
Less: Expenses = $1 million
Equals: Intermediate Total = $4 million
Less: Dividends Paid = (Let's assume $1 million)
Equals: Ending Retained Earnings = $3 million
So, in this hypothetical scenario, the company would end the year with an ending balance of $3 million in retained earnings.
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2. Purchase painting equipment for $16,000 cash. One asset increases and another asset decreases.
3. Purchase office supplies on account for $2,500. Assets increase and liabilities increase.
4. Pay employee salaries of $3,200 for the current month. One asset increases and another asset decreases.
5. Purchase advertising to appear in the current month, $1,200. Assets increase and stockholders' equity increases.
6. Pay office rent of $4,400 for the current month. Assets decrease and stockholders' equity decreases.
7. Receive $10,000 from customers in (1) above. One asset increases and another asset decreases.
8. Receive cash of $5,000 in advance from a customer who plans to have his house painted in the following month. Assets increase and liabilities increase.
For each transaction, describe the dual effect on the accounting equation. For example, for the first transaction, (1) assets increase and (2) stockholders' equity increases.
The descriptionof the dual effects of the transactions on the accounting equation is as follows:
1. Asset increases (Accounts Receivable) and stockholders' equity (Retained Earnings) increases.
2. One asset (Equipment) increases and another asset (Cash) decreases.
3. Assets (Supplies) increase and liabilities (Accounts Payable) increase.
4. Assets (Cash) decrease and stockholders' equity (Retained Earnings) decreases.
5. Assets (Cash) decrease and stockholders' equity (Retained Earnings) decreases.
6. Assets (Cash) decrease and stockholders' equity (Retained Earnings) decreases.
7. One asset (Cash) increases and another asset (Accounts Receivable) decreases.
8. Assets (Cash) increase and liabilities (Deferred Revenue) increase.
The accounting equation is a depiction that assets equal liabilities and equity at every given time and with every transaction. This equation gives each transaction the dual effect.
1. Accounts Receivable $15,000 Service Revenue $15,000
2. Equipment $16,000 Cash $16,000
3. Supplies $2,500 Accounts Payable $2,500
4. Salaries Expense $3,200 Cash $3,200
5. Advertising Expense $1,200 Cash $3,200
6. Rent Expense $4,400 Cash $4,400
7. Cash $10,000 Accounts Receivable $10,000
8. Cash $5,000 Deferred Revenue $5,000
Thus, the dual effect means that each transaction affects, at least, two accounts of the accounting equation.
Learn more about the dual effects of accounting transactions at brainly.com/question/2707498
Answer:
B The isocost line makes a parallel shift inward
Explanation:
This is because the increase in price is proportional ,less of labor and capital can be bought,and isocost line shifts inward parallely.
If both the price of labor and capital increase proportionally while holding production costs constant, the isocost line makes a parallel shift inward, indicating less of both inputs can be afforded for the same level of expenditures.
When considering the effects of changes in the prices of inputs such as labor and capital on the production process, the representation of these changes can be seen on an isocost line in a graph where labor is on the horizontal axis and capital is on the vertical axis. If the price of labor increases, typically the isocost line becomes flatter; however, if both the price of labor and capital rise in the same proportion and production costs remain constant, the result is choice B: The isocost line makes a parallel shift inward. This reflects that at the new higher prices, the firm can afford less labor and less capital for the same level of expenditures, hence the isocost line moves closer to the origin of the graph.
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Answer:
True
Explanation:
Given a certain production level, cost minimization is equal to product maximization. Cost minimization refers to the production level where average total cost per unit is lowest. On the other hand, production maximization refers to maximizing product output given certain restraints, e.g. amount of raw materials, number of labor hours, etc. Product maximization basically refers to the efficiency of production.
If someone can achieve product maximization and cost minimization, they should be maximizing profit.