The three states of matter are solid, liquid and gas phase. The solid has a more definite shape and volume. The particles are locked into place. It cannot be further compressed due to the bond that exists between the molecules. The kinetic energy of the molecules is close to none because the molecules are so close and so compact with each other. For liquids, it has a medium shape and volume. The particles can move or slide past each other due to the small space available for movement. It cannot be compressed further due to the repulsive forces that acts between them. The kinetic energy is medium. For gases, it has no shape and volume because the particles can move freely from one other. Their collisions are rare due to the distance between them. The kinetic energy of the molecules is high because there is room for movement. It can be compressed easily.
Answer :Option A) The lattice energy increases as cations get smaller, as shown by LiF and KF.
Explanation : It is observed that lattice energy is mostly influenced by two main factors of an ionic solid which are;
i) The charge on the ions - As the charge of the ions increases, the lattice energy is observed to increase too.
and
ii) The radius, or size, of the ions- As the size of the ions increases, the lattice energy decreases with it.
So, here in this question the second reason is clearly observed. Hence, it is self-explained that the size of the cations are decreased in the ionic solids the lattice energy increases.
(1) CuO (3) Cu2O
(2) CuO2 (4) Cu2O2
Answer : The correct formula of copper(I) oxide is, (3)
Explanation :
Copper(I) oxide is an ionic compound because copper element is a metal and oxide element is a non-metal. The bond formed between a metal and a non-metal is always ionic in nature.
The nomenclature of ionic compounds is given by:
The charge on copper is (+1) and the the charge on oxide is (-2). The charges are not balanced. The charges are balanced by the criss-cross method.
Hence, the formula of copper(I) oxide is,