Answer;
High-energy electrons pump hydrogen ions against the concentration gradient.
Explanation;
-The electron transport chain sets up a proton concentration gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane, with more protons outside the membrane.
-As a result of this gradient, the protons are waiting to get across the membrane. This happens through the transmembrane protein ATP synthase, which uses the energy moving protons through its pore to add a phosphate to ADP, thus producing ATP.
During the electron transport chain, ATP synthase leads to the production of large amounts of ATP.
Further Explanation:
Electron transport chain mainly occurs in mitochondria. The electron transport chain sets up a proton concentration gradient across the mitochondrial inner membrane, with more protons outside the membrane. Due to this concentration gradient, the protons are going outside the membrane. This movement is possible due to transmembrane protein, ATP synthase.
The ATP is produced by the use of proton motive force this reaction is catalyzed by ATP synthase. This multiprotein synthase is also well-known as F0 F1 complex .The ATP molecule is synthesized when proton flow back from the inner membrane down the electrochemical proton gradient. ATP synthase mainly has two components F1 ATPase and F0 which is fixed in the inner membrane and contain alpha, beta and C unit.
As the electrons travel along the electron transport chain, energy is released which helps in the pumping of protons (ions) into the lumen from the stroma through the thylakoid membrane. A proton gradient is allows the movement of protons back to the stroma which in turn results in the formation of ATP through membrane-bound ATP synthase
Learn more:
Answer Details:
Grade: High School
Subject: Biology
Chapter: Plant Cell
Keywords:
ATP synthase, membrane, alpha, beta, proton motive force, Electron transport chain, mitochondria, thylakoid membrane, stroma, energy, proton.
Answer:
When fuels burn they release heat energy and light energy to the surroundings in exothermic reactions known as combustion reactions
Explanation:
your welcome :)
Explanation:
Whenever there will be increase in population of living beings then there will be increase in amount of needs or requirements.
For example, when population was only 50% then use of natural resources was about 50%. But when population increased by 70% then there will be 20% increase in use of natural resources as compared to earlier consumption.
As a result, there will be decrease in quantity of resources.
Therefore, we can conclude that as the human population grows there will be increase in consumption of resources.
Answer:
I agree with this person ^^
Explanation: