Answer:
Both judicial activism and judicial restraint opine that the courts should uphold all acts and laws of Congress and legislatures unless they oppose the United States Constitution.
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Explanation:
The ABAhas stated that, unlike attorneys, expert witnesses do not owe a duty of loyalty to their clients.
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it focused on the limits of power and not on crime and punishments
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Most of the structure of the organization was a combination of Greek and Roman influences, most of the Bill of Rights taken from the common law of England / Magna Carta, but the truly unique thing was that it did not allow religious trials to hold office, and prevent religious establishment.
Significantly, this did not apply to the provinces at first, only to the provincial government. Many provinces immediately declared their official state religion. This went under the inclusion doctrine found in amendment 14.
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Explanation:
As additional scientific evidence is gathered, a scientific theory may be modified and ultimately rejected if it cannot be made to fit the new findings; in such circumstances, a more accurate theory is then required If experimental results contrary to a theory's predictions are observed, scientists first evaluate whether the experimental design was sound, and if so they confirm the results by independent replication. A search for potential improvements to the theory then begins. Solutions may require minor or major changes to the theory, or none at all if a satisfactory explanation is found within the theory's existing framework.[18] Over time, as successive modifications build on top of each other, theories consistently improve and greater predictive accuracy is achieved. Since each new version of a theory (or a completely new theory) must have more predictive and explanatory power than the last, scientific knowledge consistently becomes more accurate over time.
If modifications to the theory or other explanations seem to be insufficient to account for the new results, then a new theory may be required. Since scientific knowledge is usually durable, this occurs much less commonly than modification.[16] Furthermore, until such a theory is proposed and accepted, the previous theory will be retained. This is because it is still the best available explanation for many other phenomena, as verified by its predictive power in other contexts. For example, it has been known since 1859 that the observed perihelion precession of Mercury violates Newtonian mechanics,[19] but the theory remained the best explanation available until relativity was supported by sufficient evidence. Also, while new theories may be proposed by a single person or by many, the cycle of modifications eventually incorporates contributions from many different scientists.[20]
After the changes, the accepted theory will explain more phenomena and have greater predictive power (if it did not, the changes would not be adopted); this new explanation will then be open to further replacement or modification. If a theory does not require modification despite repeated tests, this implies that the theory is very accurate. This also means that accepted theories continue to accumulate evidence over time, and the length of time that a theory (or any of its principles) remains accepted often indicates the strength of its supporting evidence.
-> the monarch
-> the legislature
-> the courts
Answer:
It is claimed by the monarch
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The Constitution also allocates authority between the Supreme Court and other courts, as Article III describes the Supreme Court as having original jurisdiction over certain kinds of cases which means that cases can start at the Supreme Court and appellate jurisdiction over others.
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