Which statement(s) is/are indicative of a covalent bond?1) Electron movement is concentrated somewhere between the two bonded nuclei.

II) Electron density is focused on one element in the bond, generally resulting in the formation of a crystalline substance.

III) The greatest probability of finding the shared electrons is in the area of orbital overlap.

IV) The valence electrons involved in the bond are moving solely around the nucleus of the atom with the higher electron affinity.

es )

I and II

ll and I

I and III

I, III and IV

An substance for a crystalline is NaCl

Answer:

The statements which are indicative of a covalent bond are as follows -:

• Electron movement is concentrated somewhere between the two bonded nuclei.
• The greatest probability of finding the shared electrons is in the area of orbital overlap.
• The valence electrons involved in the bond are moving solely around the nucleus of the atom with the higher electron affinity.

Explanation:

Among the given four statements, three statements are correct, the statement- "Electron density is focused on one element in the bond, generally resulting in the formation of a crystalline substance." is incorrect as In ionic bonds, crystalline formation takes place.

• Somewhere between the two bonded nuclei, electron movement is centered. --: Covalent bonds are a class of chemical bonds in which valence electrons are shared between two atoms, typically two non-metals. The formation of a covalent bond helps the non-metals to obey the octet 's law and thus become more stable.

• The greatest probability of finding the shared electrons is in the area of orbital overlap.-: A pi bond (π bond) is a type of covalent bond arising from the overlap of two p orbitals side by side.

• The valence electrons involved in the bond are moving solely around the nucleus of the atom with the higher electron affinity.- : As pairs of electrons are exchanged by atoms, covalent bonding happens. In order to achieve further stability, which is gained by forming a complete electron shell, atoms can covalently bond with other atoms. Atoms can fill their outer electron shell and achieve stability by exchanging their outermost (valence) electrons.
• Hence , the correct option is D (I,II and IV )

Final answer:

For a covalent bond, statements I) and III) are correct: the electron movement is focused between the bonded nuclei, and the greatest probability of finding shared electrons is in the area of orbital overlap.

Explanation:

In a covalent bond, the electrons move between the two atoms rather than being focused on one atom, which means statement I) is correct. Statement II) is typically characteristic of an ionic bond, not a covalent bond. Statement III) is also correct since the greatest probability of finding the shared electrons in a covalent bond is in the area of the orbital overlap. Statement IV) is incorrect because the electrons are not moving solely around one nucleus but are shared between the atoms.

Therefore, the covalent bonding characteristics are reflected in statements I and III, which indicates that electron movement is concentrated somewhere between the two bonded nuclei, and that the greatest probability of finding the shared electrons is in the area of orbital overlap.

Learn more about Covalent Bond here:

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