1, 2, and 3
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Mixture; compounds; elements
Element; compounds; mixture
Compound; elements; compounds
12.The number of _____ determines which element it is.
electrons
protons
positrons
neutrons
Explanation:
A solution with pH less than 7 will be acidic in nature and it will change color of blue litmus into red.
For example, HCl is a strong acid as it dissociates to give hydrogen ions and chlorine ions.
A solution with pH more than 7 will be basic in nature and it will change color of red litmus into blue.
A solution with pH equal to 7 will be neutral in nature and it will not change the color any litmus paper.
Thus, we can conclude that in a 0.01 M solution of HCl, litmus will be red.
Answer: c. It decreases the phosphate ion concentration, forcing the equilibrium to the left.
Explanation:
The calcium phosphate in water is dissociated according to the following equilibrium:
Ca₃(PO₄)₂ ⇄ 3Ca²⁺ + 2PO₄³⁻
A neutralization reactionis one in which an acid reacts with a base. In the reaction a salt is formed and in most cases water is formed.
Phosphate is the complementary base of phosphoric acid, so when adding acid to the solution, we will neutralize the phosphate present according to the following reaction:
PO₄³⁻ + 3H⁺ ⇄ H₃PO₄
Therefore, when adding acid we increase the solubility of calcium phosphate since we are neutralizing the phosphate present in the salt, decreasing the concentration of phosphate, displacing the first equilibrium shown to the left and favoring the dissolution of calcium phosphate.
The addition of acid to calcium phosphate decreases the phosphate ion concentration, causing a shift in equilibrium to the right, resulting in increased solubility of calcium phosphate.
The addition of acid increases the solubility of calcium phosphate because it decreases the phosphate ion concentration. This process forces the equilibrium to shift to the right, as per Le Chatelier's principle. This principle states that when a stress (in this case, acid addition leading to decreased phosphate ion concentration) is applied to a system at equilibrium, the system responds by shifting in a direction that minimizes that stress. In this case, the equilibrium shifts to the right, resulting in the dissolution of more calcium phosphate to replace the phosphate ions that were removed due to the addition of acid.
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