Answer:
The amount of dividends received by the common stockholders in 2018 is $40,000
Explanation:
Number of shares = 5000 shares
Outstanding shares = 20,000 shares
The board of directors declares and pays a $65,000 dividend in 2018
The amount of dividends received by the common stockholders in 2018
= $65,000 - dividend paid to preferred stocks
Where, dividend paid to preferred stocks = 5,000 × 5% × $100
= $25,000
Therefore, we have;
=$65,000 - $25,000 = $40,000
Answer:
The answer is C. Some firms exiting the market
Explanation:
When there is a sudden fall in the market demand in a competitive industry(e.g perfect competition) some firms would making economic losses and it is best if they shut down operation and production. Once these happen, they exit the market.
Option A is incorrect . Same as option B.
Option D is also incorrect
A sudden fall in market demand in a competitive industry can lead to a short-run market equilibrium price lower than the original equilibrium, some firms exiting the market, and a market equilibrium price higher than the short-run price.
In a competitive industry, a sudden fall in market demand can have several effects. The correct answer is (d) All of the above. When market demand falls, it creates excess supply in the market, leading to a decrease in the market equilibrium price. This means that option (a) is correct. The lower price in the short run may cause some firms to exit the market due to lower profitability, which confirms option (c). Lastly, in the long run, if demand remains low, the market equilibrium price may eventually be higher than the short-run price as the supply adjusts to the lower demand, validating option (b).
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Answer:
D. total assets to common stockholders' equity
Explanation:
The financial leverage multiplier (FLM) is defined as the ratio of the firm’s total assets to the shareholders’ equity.
Analyzing the answer choices provided, the one that better fits the description above is alternative D. total assets to common stockholders' equity
B. Anchoring: This is the overreliance on an initial single piece of information or experience to make subsequent judgments. Once an anchor is set, other judgments are made by adjusting away from that anchor, which can limit one’s ability to accurately interpret new, potentially relevant information.
C. Shifting: This is the bias involved in shifting perspectives too rapidly, thereby forgoing objectivity and sound reasoning.
D. Halo effect: This is an observer’s overall impression of a person, company, brand, or product, and it influences the observer’s feelings and thoughts about that entity’s overall character or properties. It is the perception, for example, that if someone does well in a certain area, then they will automatically perform well at something else regardless of whether those tasks are related.
E. Overconfidence bias: This bias occurs when a person overestimates the reliability of their judgments. This can include the certainty one feels in her own ability, performance, level of control, or chance of success.
Answer:
Option C would be the correct answer.
Explanation:
Throughout objective reasoning, cognitive bias seems to be a weakness that has been triggered by that of the human brain's propensity to interpret knowledge through a prism of individual perspective including interests. The types of cognitive bias but for the remaining change.
The types of cognitive bias are almost as follows:
The latter considerations provided are not closely linked to the case provided. So, the answer above is the right one.
All of the given options are forms of cognitive bias except C. Shifting.
Cognitive biases are systematic patterns of deviation from objective judgment or rationality in decision-making. They can significantly impact the quality of our decisions. Among the listed options, all are recognized forms of cognitive bias except "Shifting."
Confirmation bias involves favoring information that confirms existing beliefs, Anchoring refers to relying too heavily on initial information, Halo effect influences overall judgments based on one aspect, and Overconfidence bias entails overestimating one's judgment's reliability.
"Shifting" is not a documented cognitive bias but may refer to rapidly changing perspectives, potentially leading to inconsistent or less objective reasoning. Understanding these biases is crucial for making more rational and informed decisions in various aspects of life.
So, option C is the answer.
For more questions on cognitive bias:
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a. if the company had fewer than 20 employees
b. if Darwin needed a reasonable accommodation to perform his job due to a disability
c. if Darwin planned to retire in less than five years
d. if Darwin was unable to perform the essential functions of his job
e. if Darwin had another job offer elsewhere
f. if the company was a private (non-governmental) organization
g. if there were more highly skilled workers in the organization who could take his place
2. Which law prevents employees like Darwin from discrimination in employment?
a. ADEA
b. Title VII
c. Affirmative action
d. ADA
3. Are the company’s actions permissible, considering its mission and vision?
a. No, because Darwin was treated less favorably than younger employees based solely on his age.
b. Yes, because age is not a protected class in employment law.
c. No, because Darwin was not given compensation or allowed adequate time to find another job.
d. Yes, because the company is private and therefore has the right to hire or fire whomever they want to.
Answer:
Darwin and Compuserve, Inc.
1. d. if Darwin was unable to perform the essential functions of his job
e. if Darwin had another job offer elsewhere
2. b. Title VII
3. a. No, because Darwin was treated less favorably than younger employees based solely on his age.
Explanation:
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is a federal law that protects employees against discrimination based on certain specified characteristics: race, color, national origin, sex, and religion. Under Title VII, an employer may not discriminate with regard to any term, condition, or privilege of employment.
Federal employment laws prohibit discrimination of persons who are over 40 years.
2. Purchased equipment costing $6,320, paying $4,893 in cash and charging the rest on account.
3. Paid $5,000 in principal and $300 in interest expense on long-term debt.
4. Earned $177,866 in sales revenue; collected $123,949 in cash with the customers owing the rest on their Amazon credit card account.
5. Incurred $25,249 in shipping expenses, all on credit.
6. Paid $118,241 cash on accounts owed to suppliers.
7. Incurred $10,069 in marketing expenses; paid cash.
8. Collected $38,200 in cash from customers paying on their Amazon credit card account.
9. Borrowed $16,231 in cash as long-term debt.
10. Used inventory costing $111,934 when sold to customers.
11. Paid $830 in income tax recorded as an expense in the prior year.
Required:
For each of the transactions, complete the tabulation, indicating the effect (positive value for increase, negative value for decrease, and leave blank if no effect) of each transaction.
This question is a test of understanding accounting principles and how various transactions impact a business's accounts. The student is required to analyze several transactions for Amazon.com, Inc., determining for each one how it affects the company's assets, liabilities, equity, revenue, and expenses.
To respond to this question will require understanding of accounting and financial transactions and the resulting impacts on business accounts, in this case, Amazon.com, Inc. For example, when Amazon issued stock for $623 cash, this increased cash (an asset) by $623 million and equity by the same amount. Buying equipment costing $6320 while paying $4893 in cash and charging the rest on the account reduced cash by $4893 and increased both equipment (another asset) by $6320 and accounts payable (a liability) by $1427 million ($6320 - $4893). Similarly, you can analyze other transactions: principal and interest payments on debt reduce cash and long-term debt or interest expense; generating sales revenue increases revenue and accounts receivable or cash; incurring expenses (e.g., shipping, marketing) increases expense and accounts payable or decreases cash; borrowing cash increases both cash and long-term debt, etc. Understanding the transactions in this way is central to the accounting process, which creates the financial statements that give stakeholders important information about a business's financial health.
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Answer: Demand will fall, Interest rates will fall
Explanation:
The investment tax credit would have encouraged more companies to seek loanable funds in order to embark on investment opportunities because they would be taxed less. This increase in demand in the market for loanable funds would have led to rates rising to keep up with demand.
If Congress were to end this credit, the incentive to invest and avoid tax would be gone. Companies would therefore demand less loanable funds and with this drop in demand there will be a drop in interest rates as well to entice people to borrow at the lower rates.