What is a domain, division, family, and taxon? What are the kingdoms currently in use

James Watson and Francis Crick, along with the help of Rosalind Franklin's X-ray crystallography data, are credited with first identifying the structure of DNA as a double helix.

The identification of the structure of DNA as a double helix is one of the most significant discoveries in the history of biology. In 1953, James Watson and Francis Crick, both scientists at the University of Cambridge, proposed the double helix model for DNA based on their understanding of its molecular properties and the X-ray crystallography data provided by Rosalind Franklin and her colleague Maurice Wilkins.

Rosalind Franklin, a talented biophysicist, used X-ray crystallography to study the molecular structure of DNA fibers. Her X-ray diffraction images, including Photo 51, provided crucial insights into the helical nature of DNA and its dimensions. Although she did not directly contribute to the final model proposed by Watson and Crick, her work was instrumental in guiding their understanding of DNA's structure.

In April 1953, Watson and Crick published their landmark paper in the journal Nature, titled "Molecular Structure of Nucleic Acids: A Structure for Deoxyribose Nucleic Acid." In this paper, they described the double helix model of DNA, with the two strands forming a twisted ladder-like structure, and the base pairs holding the strands together like rungs on the ladder.

The identification of DNA's structure as a double helix provided a crucial foundation for understanding how genetic information is stored and transmitted in living organisms. This discovery paved the way for advancements in genetics, molecular biology, biotechnology, and other fields, transforming our understanding of life at the molecular level and earning Watson, Crick, and Wilkins the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1962.

To learn more about DNA, here

brainly.com/question/34857740

#SPJ6

Answer:

Friedrich Miecher was the Swiss chemist who first identified DNA in 1860. It was first identified in the nuclein which is found inside nuclei of the human white blood cells. The nuclein was later on named as nucleic acid. The type of nucleic acid was identified as deoxyribonucelic acid.

Glycogen provides long-term energy storage.

Glycogen is an example of a carbohydrate which is a polysaccharide that acts as a long-term energy storage compound in animals.

Further Explanation

• Living organisms require energy in order to undertake their daily activities such as growth and development, locomotion, gaseous exchange, etc. To do so they obtain nutrients for short-term and long-term energy source.
• Carbohydrates are the major energy source for living organisms, however, living organisms may use other sources of energy such as proteins or fats when carbohydrates is out of stock or not available.  

Energy source in animals

• Animals use simple carbohydrates such as glucose obtained from diet for short-term energy sources.
• These simple carbohydrates may also be stored for future use in the form of glycogen, which makes glycogen a long-term energy source, to be used when need arises.
• When glucose levels are low in the body hormones in the body trigger the breakdown of glycogen to glucose.
• Other sources of energy such as proteins and fats are used when carbohydrates storage is depleted, for example during starvation.

Energy source in plants

• In plants, on the other hand, simple carbohydrates are similarly used as a short term source of energy. Additionally, simple molecules such as glucose are stored in the form of starch for long-term source of energy for the plants.  

Why other Choices are incorrect:

Glucagon  

• Glucagon is the hormone that increases the blood glucose level to avoid it from dropping below optimum level.
• The hormone acts on the liver to stimulate the breakdown of glycogen to glucose, a process called glycogenolysis, and the glucose is released to the blood stream.

Glucose

• Glucose is a simple carbohydrate classified as monosaccharides. It acts as the short term source of energy in both plants and animals.
• It is readily broken down during the process of cellular respiration to yield energy in the form of ATP, which is then used to drive cellular processes.

Cellulose

• Cellulose is an example of a complex carbohydrates known as polysaccharides.
• It is found in plants cells lining the cell wall of all plant cells which is one of the key distinguishing feature between plant cells and animal cells.

Keywords: Glycogen, Glucose, energy sources  

Learn more about:  

• Glycogen: brainly.com/question/6359375
• Role of glucose: brainly.com/question/2924762

Level: High school

Subject: Biology  

Topic: Cellular respiration

Glycogen serves as a long-term energy storage molecule in animals, including humans. Therefore option A is correct.

It is a complex carbohydrate made up of glucose units linked together in a branched structure. When dietary glucose levels are high, excess glucose is converted into glycogen and stored primarily in the liver and muscles.

This stored glycogen can be broken down into glucose when energy is needed during periods of fasting, exercise, or other metabolic demands.

Glucose, on the other hand, is a simple sugar that serves as an immediate energy source, while glucagon is a hormone involved in regulating blood glucose levels. Cellulose, a structural polysaccharide, is not used for energy storage in animals.

Know more about Glycogen:

brainly.com/question/31609594

#SPJ6