Which pair of elements is MOST likely to chemically combine and form ionic bonds?. A). chlorine and chlorine. B). lithium and chlorine. C). carbon and hydrogen. D). sulfur and oxygen
Answers
Answer: B). lithium and chlorine
Explanation: An ionic bond is formed between a metal and a non-metal by transfer of electrons from metal to non metal.
Electronic configuration of lithium:
Lithium atom will loose one electron to gain noble gas configuration and form lithium cation with +1 charge.
Chlorine atom has oxidation number of -1.
Electronic configuration of chlorine;
Chlorine atom will gain one electron to gain noble gas configuration and form chloride ion with -1 charge.
combine with
to form lithium chloride
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D) The volume decreases.
Answers
Answer:
D)
Explanation:
The volume decreases.
Answers
HClO + H2O ⇄ H3O+ +OCl-
Then the equilibrium constant, Ka, of dilute HClO would be:
Then we do the ICE table. I is for the initial concentration, C for the change and E for the excess.
HClO + H2O ⇄ H3O+ + OCl-
I 1.0x10^-4 0 0
C -x +x +x
E (1.0x10^-4 - x) x x
Substituting the excess (E) concentration to the Ka equation:
Simplifying the equation would yield a quadratic equation:
The Ka for HClO is an experimental data which was determined to be 2.9 x 10^-8. Substitute this to the equation, determine the roots, then you get the value for x, which is the concentration of H3O+ and ClO-. Just use your calculator feature Shift-Solve.
x = 1.688 x 10^-6 M = [H3O+] = [ClO-]
Then, you can determine the conc of [OH-] through pH.
pH = -log {H3O+] = -log [1.688 x 10^-6] = 5.77
pOH = 14 - pH = 14 - 5.77 = 8.23
pOH = 8.23 = -log [OH-]
[OH-] = 5.89 x 10^-9 M
Also, since HClO is (1.0x10^-4 - x), then it's concentration would be:
[HClO] = 1.0x10^-4 - 1.688 x 10^-6 = 9.83 x10^-5 M
Let's summarize all concentrations:
[HClO] = 9.83 x10^-5 M
[OH-] = 5.89 x 10^-9 M
[H3O+] = [ClO-] = 1.688 x 10^-6 M
Since the solution is dilute, H2O is relatively higher in concentration.
Thus in relative amounts, the order would be
H2O >>> HClO > H3O+ = ClO- > OH-
The Formula is:
Molar Mass of an Element = x Relative mass of atoms Molar mass constant (1g / mol)
Further Explanation
Understand molar mass
Molar mass = mass (in grams) of 1-mol substances
Molar mass is the mass (in grams) of one mole of a substance. By using the atomic mass of an element and multiplying it by the conversion factor of grams per mole (g / mol), you can calculate the molar mass of the element.
Look for the relative atomic mass of elements
Relative atomic mass:
Hydrogen = 1,007
Carbon = 12.0107
Oxygen = 15,9994
Chlorine = 35,453
The relative atomic mass of an element is the average mass of a sample of all its isotopes in atomic units. This information can be found in the periodic table of elements.
Multiply the atomic mass relative to the molar mass constant
Molar Mass of an Element = x Relative mass of atoms Molar mass constant (1g / mol)
Hydrogen = 1,007 x 1g / mol = 1,007 g / mol
Carbon = 12.0107 g / mol
Oxygen = 15,999 g / mol
Chlorine = 35,453 g / mol
H2: 1,007 x 2 = 2,014 g / mol
O2: 15,999 x 2 = 31,9988 g / mol
C2: 35,453 x 2 = 70,096 g / mol
example:
Hydrochloric acid
HCl -> 1 hydrogen atom, 1 chlorine atom
Glucose
C6H12O6 -> 6 carbon atoms, 12 hydrogen atoms, 6 oxygen atoms
Learn More
Molar mass brainly.com/question/2194946
Calculate molar mass brainly.com/question/11444952
Details
Class: Middle/High School
Subject: Chemistry
Keywords: Mass, Molar, atoms
Answers
Answer:
The cation is smaller.
Explanation:
Electronic configuration of Lithium atom is as follow,
Li = 1s², 2s¹
while, Electronic configuration of Lithium cation is as follow,
Li⁺ = 1s²
The Lithium Cation is smaller because,
i) Less Energy Levels:
As depicted in electronic configurations, the valence shell of Li atom is 2 while, that of Li cation is 1 as a result the distance of valence electrons and nucleus has decreased resulting in small size.
ii) Less Shielding Effect:
The effect in which the core electrons shield the valence electron from nucleus pull is known as shielding effect. In Li cation there are no core electrons hence, the electrons are more attracted towards proton resulting in small size.
iii) More Nuclear Charge:
In Li atom there are three protons and three electrons so, three protons attract three electrons and the game run some what balance. But, as tone electron is lost in Li Cation, the proton side gets stronger and apply more pull on electrons and made them more closer to the nucleus resulting in size decrease.
The correct statement is: The cation is smaller.
In a neutral lithium atom, there are three electrons surrounding the nucleus, distributed in different energy levels or electron shells. These electrons repel each other due to their negative charges, creating an electron-electron repulsion that tends to spread them out and increase the size of the atom.
When a lithium atom loses one electron to form a cation, it becomes positively charged. This loss of an electron reduces the electron-electron repulsion within the atom. With fewer electrons, the remaining electrons experience a stronger attraction towards the nucleus, since the positive charge of the nucleus is no longer balanced by the negative charge of the lost electron.
As a result, the remaining electrons are drawn closer to the nucleus in the lithium cation. The reduction in electron-electron repulsion and the increased attraction between the electrons and the nucleus cause the cation to have a smaller size compared to the neutral atom.
Hence, the lithium cation (Li⁺) is smaller than the lithium atom (Li)
Learn more about lithium here:
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Answers
Answer:
about 1-60
Explanation:
Answer:
she could get 3.6 lemon heads so 3
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Answer:
7 : I think it is because heat rises, and to make the hot air balloon ride is the fire torch inside it.
Explanation:
I donno 9
Answers
Vinegar dissolve in water but oil does not because vinegar is polar like water, but oil is nonpolar and the correct option is option C.
The dissolving process depends on the polarity of the substances involved. Water is a polar molecule, meaning it has a positive and negative end, while vinegar contains acetic acid, which is also polar. Since both water and vinegar are polar, they can mix and dissolve in each other easily.
On the other hand, oil is nonpolar, meaning it lacks a positive and negative end. Because of this, oil cannot dissolve in water, which is polar. Instead, oil and water will separate into distinct layers. This phenomenon is due to the "like dissolves like" rule, where polar substances dissolve best in polar solvents and nonpolar substances dissolve best in nonpolar solvents.
Thus, the ideal selection is option C.
Learn more about Polar and nonpolar substances, here:
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