When the moon is on the same side of the earth as the sun we will see a ___ moona.) full
b.) new
c.) first quarter
d.) third quarter

Occurs in  organisms that  sexually reproduce ==> Occurs in meosis.

Meiosis is a type of gamete-specific nuclear division.

Meiosis occurs during spermatogenesis and oogenesis (egg formation in women).

In order for the number of chromosomes, characteristic of the species, to be conserved, it is necessary that before the encounter, the number of chromosomes of each of the reproductive cells be divided by two.

The reduction in the number of chromosomes takes place during the phenomenon called "meiosis".

Occurs during  growth and  development ==> It concerns mitosis.

Mitosis will ensure the good fulfillment of several phenomena:

. embryonic development,

. the general growth of organisms from birth to adult size,

. continued growth of certain organisms and / or organs; for example, trees, hair, teeth in ruminants, nails, ...

The DNA is  replicated ==> concern both mitosis and meiosis.

The cell cycle of eukaryotic cells is as follows:

• Interphase (normal functions, DNA replication)

G1 - growth / cellular activity

S - DNA synthesis / replication

G2 - preparation for division

• Phase M (cell division): which consists of either mitosis or meiosis, depending on cell types.

• Cytocinesis (cytoplasmic division).

So whether it is mitosis or meiosis, both are preceded by a replication of the genetic material (DNA)

Occurs in  all organisms ==> concern both mitosis and meiosis.

An organism is a set of elements that make up a functional structure.

In biology, the term organism designates a living being as it is organized, that is to say composed of different organs or organelles forming a coherent whole (as opposed to micro-organisms).

All multicellular organisms have sexual reproduction, so their cells are systematically mitosis and meiosis.

We exclude microorganisms of which a very small part of them have asexual reproduction.

The number of  chromosomes  remains the same : concerns only mitosis.

During mitosis, the human cell has 2n monochromatid chromosomes. In phase S consists of a doubling of the amount of DNA indeed, and the cells then have 2n chromosomes bichromatidiens. In the metaphase of mitosis, the chromosomes of the mother cell are arranged on a "metaphase plate", then split in 2-chromosomes, but monochromatids, during anaphase. Each daughter cell therefore has 2n monochromatid chromosomes.

The number of  chromosomes  reduces by half ==> Concerns only meiosis

Meiosis unfolds in two stages:

* The first meiotic division is called reductional because it allows to pass from 2n double chromosomes to n double chromosomes.

* The second is called equational because it preserves the number of chromosomes: one passes from n double chromosomes to n simple chromosomes.

Meiosis thus allows the formation of 4 haploid daughter cells (or gametes).

In humans, a normal cell contains 2n = 46 chromosomes (thus 23 pairs) while a gamete contains n = 23 chromosomes in two divisions).

Final answer:

Both mitosis and meiosis occur in organisms that sexually reproduce, and in these processes, the DNA is replicated. Mitosis is specific to growth and maintaining the same number of chromosomes as in the parent cell. Meiosis is characterized by the reduction of chromosomes by half.

Explanation:

The given descriptions can be associated in the following manners:

• "Occurs in organisms that sexually reproduce" - This is true for both mitosis and meiosis.
• "Occurs during growth and development" - This is closely related to mitosis as it is a process for growth and repair in almost all organisms.
• "The DNA is replicated" - This process happens in both mitosis and meiosis.
• "Occurs in all organisms" - This also is true for both, as mitosis happens in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and meiosis is prevalent in sexually reproducing organisms.
• "The number of chromosomes remains the same" - This is specific to mitosis, where the daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes as the parent cell.
• "The number of chromosomes reduces by half" - This is a characteristic of meiosis, as it produces sex cells (gametes) with half the original number of chromosomes.

Learn more about Mitosis and Meiosis here:

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Answer:

The correct answer would be option A.

In humans, the gender of a child is mainly determined by the sex chromosome inherited from the father.

It is because human females are homozygous (XX) in terms of sex chromosome. So, their gamete will always contain an X chromosome.

In contrast, human males are heterozygous, that is, they contain XY as sex chromosome. Thus, they will produce two types of gametes of which one would contain X and the other one would contain Y.

When the male gamete containing X chromosome fuse with female gamete, the offspring produce would be a girl and when the male gamete containing Y chromosome fuse with female gamete, the offspring produce would be a boy.