What did scientists like Darwin use to group species before DNA? two sentences, please!

Answers

Answer 1

Answer:

They used to group organisms by watching their physical characteristics. For example animals with spines are grouped into vertibrates and organisms without spine are grouped into invertebrates . They also group organisms based on habitatats ( where the organisms live) . For example marine animals live in water and terrestrial organisms live in land. They grouped organisms based on their feeding behaviour. For example producers produce their own food.

Answer 2

Answer:

Answer: Species May share the same anatomy. Also observing DNA can show likeness with one another.

Explanation:

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What are the 3 things plants must be able to do

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Answer:

plants need sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to live.

Explanation:

a volume of helium occupies 11.0 L at a pressure of 98.0 kpa. what is the new volume if the pressure drops to 86.2 kpa

Answers

12.506 L

Explanation:

We’ll use Boyle's Law of ideal gases;

P₁V₁ = P₂V₂ whereby;

P – pressure

V – volume

We replace variable with given values;

98 * 11 = 86.2 * V₂

V₂ = 98 * 11 / 86.2

V₂ = 12.506 L

Learn More:

For more on Boyle's Law of ideal gases check out;

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why does the plasma cell have a well developed endoplasmic reticulum with lots of ribosomes

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Since plasma cells make your antibodies, they need to produce a lot of protein. Also because the nucleus makes a lot of products to make proteins you need a large Golgi Body. How ER's relate to this: to do protein synthesis you need ribosomes and to have ribosomes you need the rough ER!

Answer:Within the cell, the endoplasmic reticulum synthesizes lipids and proteins. ... Proteins that are made in the cell for use by the cell-for instance, as channels in the plasma membrane-are made by the free ribosomes that dot the cytoplasm. Two types of endoplasmic reticulum are found in the eukaryotic cell.

What is immunity?
That is my question

Answers

Answer:

In biology, immunity is the balanced state of multicellular organisms having adequate biological defenses to fight infection, disease, or other unwanted biological invasion, while having adequate tolerance to avoid allergy, and autoimmune diseases.

the ability of an organism to resist a particular infection or toxin by the action of specific antibodies or sensitized white blood cells.

Passive immunity is provided when a person is given antibodies to a disease rather than producing them through his or her own immune system.

A newborn baby acquires passive immunity from its mother through the placenta. A person can also get passive immunity through antibody-containing blood products such as immune globulin, which may be given when immediate protection from a specific disease is needed. This is the major advantage to passive immunity; protection is immediate, whereas active immunity takes time (usually several weeks) to develop.

However, passive immunity lasts only for a few weeks or months. Only active immunity is long-lasting.

Active immunity results when exposure to a disease organism triggers the immune system to produce antibodies to that disease. Exposure to the disease organism can occur through infection with the actual disease (resulting in natural immunity), or introduction of a killed or weakened form of the disease organism through vaccination (vaccine-induced immunity). Either way, if an immune person comes into contact with that disease in the future, their immune system will recognize it and immediately produce the antibodies needed to fight it.

Active immunity is long-lasting, and sometimes life-long.

True or false?the fluid below an object exerts greater force on it than the fluid above the object

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Answer:

Explanation:

True

Answer:

true

Explanation:

The outer membrane is S___.

Answers

Answer:squishy

Explanation:

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